Page 5 - CH-1-(sample)
P. 5

Fastrack - 10


          Web pages on the WWW are connected by links called hypertext links. Each hypertext link leads to
          another Web page / Website. So, unlike reading a book where one page follows another in sequence, on
          the World Wide Web you follow the web of links to visit the information you are interested in. This is
          called Surfing.

          THE WEB ADDRESSING SYSTEM
          Each Web  page  (.html  document)  has  its  own  address  on  the  Internet,  which  is  called  a  URL
          or a Uniform Resource Locator through which it is identified and accessed on the Web server and
          Web browser.
          To recognize a web page, computers convert a URL like www.cbse.nic.in to numerical IP addresses
          (like 200.200.200.165).
          A URL is made up of the following parts:


                http://www. organization name. top level domain suffix. Country name suffix

                        http - the communication protocol  Top-level domain suffix
                        used to receive the document

          Example:      http://www.cbse.nic.in/welcome.htm

                        The orgainzation name  The country name suffix  Name of the .html document
          Several top-level domains (TLDs) are common:

            com         Commercial enterprise                     mil          U.S. Military entry
            edu         Educational institution                   net          Network access provider

            gov         U.S. Government entity                    org          Usually non-profit organizations

          In addition, dozens of domain names have been assigned to identify and locate files stored on servers in
          countries around the world. These are referred to as country codes.
            Ch          Switzerland                               Jp           Japan

            De          Germany                                   Uk           United Kingdom

          HOW DOES THE WWW WORK?
          Have you ever wondered how exactly a Web page that you requested for finds its way into your
          browser and onto your computer screen? The process is largely dependent on Web servers. Let us
          understand how it works. Observe how a web page WWW reaches your computer
          1. To access a website, you first enter its address, called a URL (Uniform Resource Locator), In the Address box of your
              browser.
               The http://  indicates that the browser and web server will communicate using Hypertext Transfer Protocol.

                                                                    The www   indicates a resource on the World Wide
                                                                    Web.

                                                                    The  cpsglobal.org   is  a  domain  name.  It  identifies
                                                                    which computer (called a web server), hosts the site.


                                                             4
   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10