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Internet Basics

2. Your web browser sends the The server sends back
the requested page.
request to the appropriate
web server on the Internet.

3. The web server locates the
files, then downloads them to
your computer.
Your browser
4. Your Web browser displays Server machine
connects to a server
the page. and requests a page.
Your machine running Web browser
WHAT IS TCP/IP?
Communication of information over the Internet is made possible by a group of protocols (protocol
means a set of rules) known as the TCP/IP protocols.
TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. It defines how electronic devices
(like computers) should be connected over the Internet, and how data should be transmitted between
them. TCP is responsible for breaking down data into small packets before they can be sent over a
network, and for assembling the packets again when they arrive at the destination computer. IP takes
care of the communication between computers. It is responsible for addressing, sending and receiving
the data packets over the Internet.
PROTOCOLS FOR THE WEB
Web browsers and servers use protocols to connect to the Internet. Common protocols are:

HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)
HTTP takes care of the communication between a web server and a web browser. HTTP is used for
sending requests from a web client (a browser) to a web server, returning web content (web pages)
from the server back to the client.
Do You Know
Secure HTTP (HTTPS) takes care of secure communication between a web server and a web
browser. HTTPS typically handles credit card transactions and other sensitive data.
Summing Up

The
lInternet is a global system of interconnected computer networks.
lWorld Wide Web, often abbreviated as the Web or WWW is a system of Internet servers that
The
supports hypertext to access several Internet protocols on a single interface.
To access the World Wide Web you need a computer, a modem (or some other connection device),
l
a phone line, a Web browser software and an account with an Internet Service Provider (ISP).
The
lInternet Service Provider (ISP), also sometimes referred to as Internet Access Provider (IAP),
is a company that offers its customers access to the Internet.
leb browser is an application that enables us to look at and interact with all the information on
A W
the World Wide Web. Some of the common Web browsers include the Internet Explorer, Mozilla,
Opera etc.
leb page refers to an .html document. It is the basic unit of the WWW. A Web page may contain
A W
different types of components like text, graphics, audio, video, animations, hyperlinks, buttons,
forms and frames, etc.

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