Page 137 - DK Children's Encyclopedia

Inside Earth SEE ALSO

▸ ▸ Compass p.70
▸ ▸ Earth p.83
The Earth is made up of four layers. We live on its outer ▸ ▸ Earth’s surface
layer, or crust. The crust floats on a layer of extremely hot p.84
rock called the mantle. Below this, our planet’s center, or ▸ ▸ Magnets p.151

core, is made of the metal iron. The upper mantle ▸ ▸ Metals p.162
is made of hot, ▸ ▸ Volcanoes p.268
partly liquid rock.

Earth’s layers
Like an onion, the Earth has layers.
Each layer is different. The deeper
the layer, the hotter it is, with the In our planet’s
inner core a scorching 10,800°F early history, it had
(6,000°C). no crust and the
mantle was a sea of
The outer bubbling liquid
core is made
of liquid iron. rock.

Earth’s crust
The inner is made of
core is a ball solid rock.
of solid iron.

Magma
The lower mantle is and lava
made of hot, solid rock. In some places on the
Earth’s surface, liquid rock
bubbles up to the surface,
creating volcanoes. Liquid
rock is called magma
when it is inside the
Earth and lava on
the surface.
Main opening
Lava flows
North Magnetic Earth
Pole Because the Earth’s outer core is

South liquid, it moves as the Earth spins.
Pole This creates a magnetic field
around the Earth. This field keeps
out harmful energy waves from
space. It also lets us find directions Magma
Magnetic field when we use a compass. chamber
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