Page 292 - DK Children's Encyclopedia

US presidents Timeline of the Civil War
The president is the head of state and head of government The Civil War was a major conflict in American history.
for the United States of America. Alongside the name of It began when 11 southern states, unhappy that Abraham
each president is the party (political group) that they Lincoln had been elected president and concerned he
belong to. would outlaw slavery, seceded (broke away) from the
Union. They created their own Confederate States of
George Washington Federalist 1789–1797 America, also known as the Confederacy. The war between
John Adams Federalist 1797–1801
Thomas Jefferson Democratic-Republican 1801–1809 the North and the South that followed lasted four years
James Madison Democratic-Republican 1809–1817 and caused the deaths of more than 600,000 soldiers.
James Monroe Democratic-Republican 1817–1825 When it ended in April 1865, the Union was restored, and
John Quincy Adams Independent 1825–1829 more than four million slaves were freed.
Andrew Jackson Democrat 1829–1837 1850
Martin Van Buren Democrat 1837–1841 Compromise of 1850: New states are allowed to decide for themselves
William H. Harrison Whig 1841 • whether to be slave states or free states.
John Tyler Democrat 1841–1845 1857
James K. Polk Democrat 1845–1849 The Supreme Court rules that slaves are not US citizens and are not
Zachary Taylor Whig 1849–1850 • protected by the Constitution.
Millard Fillmore Whig 1850–1853 October 1859
Franklin Pierce Democrat 1853–1857 John Brown and his men raid a military arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia,
hoping to arm a slave uprising. Brown is caught and hanged.
James Buchanan Democrat 1857–1861 November 1860
Abraham Lincoln Republican 1861–1865 ◽ Republican candidate Abraham Lincoln wins the US presidential election,
Andrew Johnson Democrat 1865–1869 but without any support from the southern states.
Ulysses S. Grant Republican 1869–1877 December 20, 1860
Rutherford B. Hayes Republican 1877–1881 South Carolina secedes (breaks away) from the Union.
James A. Garfield Republican 1881 ◽ February 1861
Chester A. Arthur Republican 1881–1885 Representatives from Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi,
Grover Cleveland Democrat 1885–1889 and South Carolina meet to form the Confederate States of America,
Benjamin Harrison Republican 1889–1893 with Jefferson Davis as president. Later they are joined by Virginia,
Texas, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas.
Grover Cleveland Democrat 1893–1897
William McKinley Republican 1897–1901 ◽ April 12, 1861
Confederate forces attack and capture Union-held Fort Sumter in South
Theodore Roosevelt Republican 1901–1909 Carolina. The Civil War begins.
William H. Taft Republican 1909–1913 July 21, 1861
Woodrow Wilson Democrat 1913–1921 First Battle of Bull Run (Virginia): Confederate victory.
Warren G. Harding Republican 1921–1923 • April 6–7, 1862
Calvin Coolidge Republican 1923–1929 Battle of Shiloh (Tennessee): Union victory under Ulysses S. Grant, but
Herbert Hoover Republican 1929–1933 with heavy losses.
Franklin D. Roosevelt Democrat 1933–1945 • February 6, 1862
Harry S. Truman Democrat 1945–1953 Fall of Fort Henry (Tennessee): Union victory.
Dwight D. Eisenhower Republican 1953–1961 February 16, 1862
John F. Kennedy Democrat 1961–1963 ◽ Battle of Fort Donelson (Tennessee): Union victory.
Lyndon B. Johnson Democrat 1963–1969 March 9, 1862
Richard Nixon Republican 1969–1974 Battle of the Monitor and the Virginia: Draw.
Gerald Ford Republican 1974–1977 April 25, 1862
Jimmy Carter Democrat 1977–1981 Union forces take New Orleans.
Ronald Reagan Republican 1981–1989 May 31–June 1, 1862
George H. W. Bush Republican 1989–1993 Battle of Seven Pines (Virginia): No clear winner.
Bill Clinton Democrat 1993–2001 June 26–July 2, 1862
George W. Bush Republican 2001–2009 The Seven Days Battles (Virginia): Confederate victory. This is a
hard-fought victory for the Confederates.
Barack Obama Democrat 2009–2017
Donald Trump Republican 2017– August 29–30, 1862
Second Battle of Bull Run (Virginia): Confederate victory.
September 17, 1862
Assassinated ◽ Battle of Antietam/Sharpsburg (Maryland): No clear winner.
Died in office •

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