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14.2 Cofactor : A non protein components needed for some enzyme to increase enzymatic reaction
COFACTOR
Inorganic Organic
Non-protein molecules Non-protein molecules
bind loosely to the enzyme bind tightly to the enzyme
A: Metal ions B: prosthetic group C: coenzyme
Role: involve in catalytic Role: detach and help to transfer
Role: change the enzyme active site function of chemical group
to make the shape more suitable for the enzyme
reaction to take place
eg: NAD , NADP , coenzyme A,
+
+
eg. FAD, FMN, biotin, ATP
2+
eg. Ca (in thrombokinase), Mg 2+ haem
Ferum, Cobalt, Copper, Zinc
