Page 246 - Ultimate Visual Dictionary (DK)

THE HUMAN BODY

Nose, mouth, STRUCTURE OF TONGUE

Median Epiglottis
glossoepiglottic
and throat fold Palatine
tonsil
Sulcus
WITH EVERY BREATH, air passes through the nasal terminalis
cavity down the pharynx (throat), larynx (“voice Palatoglossal
arch
box”), and trachea (windpipe) to the lungs. The nasal Foramen
cavity warms and moistens air, and the tiny layers in cecum Vallate
papilla
its lining protect the airway against damage by foreign
bodies. During swallowing, the tongue moves up and Foliate
back, the larynx rises, the epiglottis closes off the Median papilla
sulcus
entrance to the trachea, and the soft palate separates
Fungiform
the nasal cavity from the pharynx. Saliva, secreted papilla
from three pairs of salivary glands, lubricates food to
Filiform papilla
make swallowing easier; it also begins the chemical
breakdown of food, and helps to produce taste. The
senses of taste and smell are closely linked. Both
depend on the detection of dissolved molecules by Apex
sensory receptors in the olfactory nerve endings of
the nose and in the taste buds of the tongue.
TASTE AREAS ON TONGUE
Lingual
STRUCTURES
nerve
SURROUNDING Tongue
PHARYNX
Styloglossus muscle
Hyoglossus muscle Bitter
Sublingual
gland
Hypoglossal
nerve Mandible
(lower jaw) Sour
Superior
laryngeal Submandibular
nerve gland Salt
Superior Hyoid bone
thyroid
artery Laryngeal prominence
(Adam’s apple)
Sweet
TYPES OF PAPILLAE
Thyrohyoid
muscle
Thyrohyoid
membrane
Cricothyroid
muscle Cricothyroid
ligament

Thyroid gland

Trachea
FILIFORM PAPILLAE FUNGIFORM PAPILLAE VALLATE PAPILLAE

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