Page 414 - (DK) The Ultimate Visual Dictionary 2nd Ed.

SEA AND AIR
Modern jetliners 1

MODERN JETLINERS HAVE ENABLED ordinary people to travel to places where
once only the wealthy could afford to go. Compared with the first jetliners
(which were introduced in the 1940s), modern ones are much quieter, burn fuel
BAE-146 JETLINER more efficiently, and produce less air pollution. These advances are largely due
to the replacement of turbojet engines with turbofan engines (see pp. 418-419). The greater power of turbofan
engines at low speeds enables modern jetliners to carry more fuel and passengers than turbojet aircraft; a modern
Boeing 747-400 (popularly known as a “jumbo jet”) can fly 400 people for 8,500 miles (13,700 km) without
needing to refuel. Jetliners fly at high altitudes, typically cruising at 26,000-36,000 ft (8000-11,000 m),
where they can use fuel efficiently and usually avoid bad weather. The pilot always controls the
aircraft during takeoff and landing, but at other
times the aircraft is usually controlled Shoulder cowling
by an autopilot. Autopilots are Engine pylon
complex on-board mechanisms that Hinged cowling panel
detect deviations from an aircraft’s
route and make appropriate Nose cowling
adjustments to the flight controls.
Flight decks are also equipped
with radars that warn pilots Fan duct nozzle
Fire-extinguisher
of approaching hazards, such
discharge indicator Core-engine
as mountain ranges, bad jet pipe
weather, and other aircraft.
Oil-filler door
Push-in door for hand- TURBOFAN ENGINE
held fire-extinguisher COWLING
Drain mast
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS
OF A BAE-146 JETLINER Oil-filler door for
integrated-drive
generator

FUSELAGE NOSE-SECTION
Electrically heated, FUSELAGE MID-SECTION
birdproof Side Anchor for
windshield window open door Rain Hinge
gutter Peephole
Static air- Finger
pressure plate Forward recess
main door
VHF omni-range aperture
and instrument- Passenger
landing-system Light- window
antennas alloy aperture
door Main
frame
external
operating
Multiple-
pinned handle
lock
Floor
level
Toilet
Radome service FORWARD MAIN Anchor for open
connector door
Air temperature Stall DOOR
probe warning vane Pitot head for dynamic air pressure

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