Page 494 - (DK) The Ultimate Visual Dictionary 2nd Ed.

ARCHITECTURE

The 19th century SECTION THROUGH A
FLAX-SPINNING MILL

Cast-iron Pitched Ridge
BUILDINGS OF THE 19TH CENTURY are characterized by wall plate roof
the use of new materials and by a great diversity of Machinery Verge
space
architectural styles. From the end of the 18th century, Gutter
iron and steel became widely used as alternatives to Cast-iron
wood for the framework of buildings, as in the flax- mortise-and-
tenon joint
spinning mill shown here. Built in Britain in 1796, Anchor joint
this mill exemplifies an architectural style that became Inverted
T-section
common throughout the industrialized world for more
cast-iron Drainpipe
than a century. The Industrial Revolution also brought beam
mass-production of building parts—a development
Segmentally End flange
that enabled the British architect Sir Joseph Paxton
arched brick
to erect London’s Crystal Palace (a building made vault Concrete floor
entirely of iron and glass) in only nine months, ready
Tapering
for the Great Exhibition of 1851. The 19th century
part of
saw a widespread revival of older architectural column
styles. For example, in the US and Germany,
Paved
Neo-Greek architecture was fashionable; ground floor
in Britain and France, Neo-Baroque,
Neo-Byzantine, and Neo-Gothic
styles (as seen in the Palace of Multigabled Ridge Furrow Verge Strengthened
Westminster and Tower roof (ridge and central
furrow roof) Timber column
Bridge) were dominant.
rafter
Cast-iron
wall-plate
FLAX-SPINNING MILL, Gutter
SHREWSBURY, BRITAIN,
1796 (BY C. BAGE) Gable
Drainpipe
Tapering part Three courses
of column of stretchers
Segmentally arched Course of headers
brick vault
Course of
Cast-iron mortise- decorative
and-tenon joint headers
Tie-rod Cast-iron
lattice window
Cast-iron
cruciform column Cast-iron tenon
Inverted T-section Anchor-joint
cast-iron beam
Strengthened
central
Bonded column
brick wall

Stone foundation Quoin Jamb Gauged arch (segmental arch of tapered bricks)

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