Page 31 - All About History - Issue 53-17

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W
AGENCY WORK
Discover the dizzying array of British intelligence organissations
MI9: Responsible for the interrogation of enemy MI7: The genesis of British press and propaganda
ld
The mod dern MI6 Building
prisoners of war until 1941, MI9 also assisted in management occurred with MI7. At the outbreak in London n; an iconic
the escape and evasion of Allied prisoners and of World War II, the section was reconstituted with landmark in the spy world
kinth
ld
the debriefing of those who successfully reached primarily civilian personnel working as censors and
England. Further, MI9 communicated with prisoners propagandists. In the spring of 1940, most of the
who were still in captivity, sending them instructions functions of MI7 were transferred to the British
and equipment through clandestine sources. Ministry of Information.
MI6: Also known as the Secret Intelligence Service MI5: Also called the Security Service, MI5 served
(SIS), MI6 serves to this day as the primary foreign as the domestic counterintelligence and security
intelligence agency of the British government. section of British Intelligence. During World War II,
During World War II, MI6 established covert MI5, which remains active today, developed and
operations offices in the United States, Canada, and administered the XX double agent programme and
elsewhere, conducting successful operations in all controlled the entry of foreign nationals to Britain
theatres of the conflict. through the London Reception Centre at the Royal
Patriotic School.
MI8: Serving as the signals intelligence section of Naval Intelligence Division:
the War Office, it was the responsibility of MI8 to MI10: Responsible for the analysis of various Also known as Room 39, the Naval Intelligence
establish and manage a worldwide network of radio types of technical intelligence across the globe Division (NID) was created in 1912. During World War
transmission posts referred to as the ‘Y Stations’. during World War II, MI10 regularly conducted II, NID handled naval Ultra transmission decrypts
MI8 was responsible for communications security evaluations of captured enemy weapons and a wide and fielded information-gathering operatives with
and for the Radio Security Service (RSS) for 18 range of emerging technology as it was brought to its Commando 30 Assault Unit. NID officers were
months during 1939-1941, prior to the absorption of Britain from the field. MI10 was eventually merged active in British warzones across the world and were
the RSS by MI6. into the Government Communications Headquarters. present at Operations Tourch and Overlord.
PETER FLEMING
The dashing writer and adventurer was a NOOR INAYAT
prime mover during the secret war in the East KHAN
The elder brother of Ian, the effortlessly glamorous Peter Fleming became a prominent
figure in British intelligence, working with Colin Gubbins on the formation of the A courageous spy princesses whose life
Auxiliary Units, who would fight a resistance war in the UK should the Germans
complete a successful invasion. When Gubbins left to form the SOE, he took Fleming ended in tragedy
with him. Descended from Tipu Sultan, an 18th century ruler of Mysore,
In April 1941, armed with a ton of explosives, £40,000 in notes and gold sovereigns Inayat Khan joined the Women’s Auxiliary Air Force — taking the
and Italian pocket dictionaries, Fleming and a name Nora Baker — before entering the SOE in February 1943.
team of agents entered Northern Greece. They Despite reservations about her suitability for a secret agency role,
held a key valley in Macedonia, the Monastir she became the first female wireless operator sent to France and
Gap, against the might of the German army, survived the collapse of the Prosper network.
before withdrawing and playing havoc with Though ordered to leave by Colonel Maurice Buckmaster, head
enemy communications, blowing up bridges and of SOE’s French operations, she bravely stayed on and, with all the
railways as they went. Fleming and his men also Prospect leaders in captivity, became the single most important
helped evacuate the British Vice Consul and SOE asset in the entire region as she continued to transmit
diplomatic staff to Cairo. information back to England. Unfortunately, in October 1943 the
His abilities saw him transferred to India and Gestapo captured her after she was betrayed by a double agent.
then Ceylon to head up D Division in charge She twice escaped her captors only to be retaken immediately, and
of military deception operations in Southeast when she was transferred to a prison at Pforzheim she is said to
Asia. He played a prominent role in the British have been perpetually chained in a crouching position.
invasion of Burma – a territory that had been She was moved to the death camp at Dachau and executed
lost during the Japanese invasion of 1942 in July 1944. An unnamed guard gave a description of the death
– planting information that claimed British of a woman who is thought to be Inayat Khan, and its content is
forces in the region were much larger than extremely upsetting. She was awarded the George Cross in 1949.
they really were. In June 1945 his efforts were
rewarded with an OBE.
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