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MODULE • Chemistry Form 4

The Atomic Structure / Struktur Atom

1 History of the development of atomic models:
Sejarah perkembangan model atom:

Scientist Atomic Model Discovery
Saintis Model atom Penemuan

(i) Matter is made up of particles called atoms .
Jirim terdiri daripada zarah-zarah dipanggil atom .
(ii) Atoms cannot be created , destroyed or divided .
Dalton
Atom tidak boleh dicipta , dimusnah atau dibahagi .
(iii) Atoms from the same element are identical .
Atom daripada unsur sama adalah sama .

Positively charged sphere (i) Discovered the electrons , the first subatomic particle.
Sfera bercas positif Menjumpai elektron , zarah subatom yang pertama.
(ii) Atom is sphere of positive charge which embedded with
Thomson
Electron charges negative negatively charged particles called electrons .
Elektron bercas negatif Atom adalah sfera yang bercas positif yang mengandungi zarah
bercas negatif dipanggil elektron .

(i) Discovered the nucleus as the centre of an atom and
Electron moves positively charged .
outside the nucleus Menjumpai nukleus yang merupakan pusat bagi atom dan
Elektron bergerak di luar bercas positif .
nukleus Proton
Rutherford (ii) is a part of the nucleus.
mengandungi
Nucleus that Proton adalah sebahagian daripada nukleus.
contain proton (iii) Electron move outside the nucleus.
Nukleus mengandungi Elektron bergerak di sekeliling nukleus.
proton nucleus
(iv) Most of the mass of the atom found in the .
Nukleus mempunyai hampir semua jisim atom.

Shell
Nucleus that (i) Discovered the existence of electron shells .
contain proton Menjumpai kewujudan petala elektron.
Neils Bohr
Nukleus mengandungi (ii) Electrons move in the shells around the nucleus.
proton
Elektron bergerak di dalam petala mengelilingi nukleus .
Electron

(i) Discovered the existence of neutron .
Shell
Menjumpai kewujudan neutron .
(ii) Nucleus of an atom contains neutral particles called
Nucleus that contain
proton and neutron neutron and positively charged particles called
James
Chadwick Nukleus mengandungi proton .
proton dan neutron Nukleus mengandungi zarah-zarah neutral dipanggil neutron dan
zarah-zarah bercas positif dipanggil proton .
Electron (iii) The mass of a neutron and proton is almost the same.
Jisim neutron dan proton adalah hampir sama.

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