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Chemistry Form 4 • MODULE

4 Example of naturally occurring polymers and their monomers are:
Contoh polimer semula jadi dan monomernya:
Synthetic Polymer / Polimer Monomer / Monomer
Protein / Protein Amino Acid / Asid amino
Starch / Kanji Glucose / Glukosa
Rubber / Getah Isoprene / Isoprena

5 Synthetic polymers are made polymers. The monomers are usually obtained from petroleum after refining and cracking
process.
Polimer sintetik adalah polimer buatan. Monomer biasanya adalah daripada petroleum yang telah mengalami penyulingan dan peretakan.
6 Example of synthetic polymers, their monomers and uses:
Contoh polimer sintetik, monomernya dan kegunaannya:
Synthetic polymer Monomer Example of uses
Polimer sintetik Monomer Contoh kegunaan
Polythene Ethene, C H 4 Plastic bags, shopping bags, plastic containers and plastic toys
2
Politena Etena, C H 4 Beg plastik, beg membeli belah, bekas plastik dan permainan plastik
2
Polypropene Propene, C H 6 Plastic bottles, plastic tables and chairs, car batteries casing and ropes
3
Polipropena Propena, C H Botol plastik, meja dan kerusi plastik, bekas bateri kereta dan tali
3 6
Waterproof materials such as rain clothes, bags, shoes, artificial leather.
Bahan kalis air seperti baju hujan, beg, kasut dan kulit tiruan.
Polyvinylchloride (PVC) Chloroethene, C H Cl Insulation for electric wiring.
3
2
Polivinil klorida (PVC) Kloroetena, C H Cl Bahan penebat pendawaian wayar elektrik.
2 3
Making water pipes because it does not rust.
Paip air sebab ia tidak berkarat.
Polystyrene Styrene, C H C H 5 Packaging materials, disposable cups and plates
2
3 6
Polistirena Stirena, C H C H Bahan pembungkus, cawan dan pinggan pakai buang.
2 3 6 5
Perspex Methylmetacrylate Safety glass, car lamps and lens
Perspeks Metil metakrilat Kaca keselamatan, lampu kereta dan kanta
Hexane-1, 6-diol
Heksana-1, 6-diol
Terylene (polyester) Benzene-1, 4-dicarboxylic Clothing, sails, sleeping bags, ropes and fishing net
Terilena (poliester) Pakaian, kain layar, tali dan jala
acid
Benzena-1, 4-dikarboksilik asid

7 Polymerisation is the process of joining together the large number of monomers to form a polymer.
Pempolimeran ialah proses penggabungan monomer-monomer untuk membentuk polimer.

Example: / Contoh:
(a) Polymerisation of ethene:
Pempolimeran etena:

H H H H

n C = C – C – C –

H H H H n, n is large number up to a few thousands
Ethene / Etena Polythene

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