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Nickel market developments: Nickel sulphate




           Volatility characteristic of nickel and nickel sulphatemarkets



                                                                                                            …market in         Indonesia announces to
     22,000                                                                                               structural deficit    bring forward the export    Market moved into
                                                                                                            in late 2017       ban of unprocessed ores     surplus in Q1 amid
                       Indonesia bans exports of                                                                                 in Sep 2019 and draw      COVID-19 pandemic
     20,000
                       unprocessed ores in 2014              …but global primary supply                                             down of stocks                             Stronger
     18,000                                                  does not fall. Market      Indonesia eases export ban                                                             stainless
                                                                                                                                                                               demand in
                                                             remains in surplus         of low-grade ores in 2017                                                              China, combined
     16,000                                                                                             Operations                                                             with Chineseraw
                                                                                                        suspended                                                              material
     14,000                                                                                                                                                                    shortage fears
                                                                                                                                                                               sends price rising
     12,000

     10,000
                                                                                                                        Premium
                                                        Strong demand in
      8,000              EV demand started to                                                                       recovered in 2017,
                          emerge in early2014           Chinese market in               Premium crashed             hitting the record    Premium fell into negative
      6,000                                                  H2 2015                      in 2016 after                   high            territory owing to Chinese      Premium
                                                                                            capacity                                      EVsubsidy cut in H2 2019    recovered in Q1
      4,000                                                                              expansions in                                                                   amid tight
                                                                                             China                                                                         supply
      2,000


          0

     -2,000                                                                                                                                                                      Negative
                                                                                                                                                                               premium in
                                                                                                                                                                              August due to
                                                           LME nickel price (US/t Ni)       Battery grade premium (US$/tNi)                                                    oversupplied
                                                                                                                                                                                 market
   681   682   683   684   685   686   687   688   689   690   691