Page 371 - First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2020, Thirtieth edition [MedicalBooksVN.com]_Neat

EndocrinE ` endocrine—embryology EndocrinE ` endocrine—AnAtomy SEcTion iii 327

` endocrine—AnAtomy

Pituitary gland
Anterior pituitary Secretes FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, prolactin, Proopiomelanocortin derivatives—β-endorphin,
(adenohypophysis) GH, and β-endorphin. Melanotropin (MSH) ACTH, and MSH. Go pro with a BAM!
secreted from intermediate lobe of pituitary. FLAT PiG: FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, PRL, GH.
Derived from oral ectoderm (Rathke pouch). B-FLAT: Basophils—FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH.
ƒ α subunit—hormone subunit common to Acid PiG: Acidophils — PRL, GH.
TSH, LH, FSH, and hCG.
ƒ β subunit—determines hormone specificity.
Posterior pituitary Stores and releases vasopressin (antidiuretic
(neurohypophysis) hormone, or ADH) and oxytocin, both
made in the hypothalamus (supraoptic and
paraventricular nuclei) and transported to
posterior pituitary via neurophysins (carrier
proteins). Derived from neuroectoderm.

Adrenal cortex and Adrenal cortex (derived from mesoderm) and medulla (derived from neural crest).
medulla
HORMONE 1˚ HORMONE
ANATOMY HISTOLOGY 1˚ REGULATION BY CLASS PRODUCED
Zona Glomerulosa Angiotensin II Mineralocorticoids Aldosterone
Adrenal gland

CORTEX Zona Fasciculata ACTH, CRH Glucocorticoids Cortisol
Capsule

ACTH, CRH Androgens DHEA
Zona Reticularis
Preganglionic
Superior surface MEDULLA Chroma n cells sympathetic fibers Catecholamines Epi, NE
of kidney

GFR corresponds with Salt (mineralocorticoids), Sugar (glucocorticoids), and Sex (androgens).
“The deeper you go, the sweeter it gets.”

FAS1_2019_08-Endocrine.indd 327 11/7/19 4:30 PM