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MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5

3 Cas 600 C mengalir melalui konduktor logam bagi setiap 4 Arus elektrik 3.2 mA mengalir melalui mentol untuk
5 minit. Berapakah arus elektik di dalam konduktor? 4 minit. (cas elektron = 1.6 × 10 C) Tentukan,
–19
A charge of 600 C flows through a metal conductor in every 5 An electric current of 3.2 mA flows through a bulb for 4
minutes. Calculate the electric current in the conductor. minutes. (electron charge, e = 1.6 × 10 –19 C) Determine,
Penyelesaian / Solution (a) cas elektrik (b) bilangan elektron
the electric charge the number of electrons
Q Penyelesaian / Solution
I = t
–3
600 C (a) Q = It = (3.2 × 10 A) × (4 × 60) s
= = 2 A
(5 × 60) s = 0.768 C
(b) 1.6 × 10 –19 C 1 elektron
1 elektron
\ 1 C
1.6 × 10 –19 C
1 elektron
\ 0.768 C × 0.768 C
1.6 × 10 –19 C
18
= 4.8 × 10 elektron

UNIT 2

UNIT 2
Hubungan antara Arus Elektrik dan Beza Keupayaan
2.2 The Relationship between Electric Current and Potential Difference

Konsep Maksud Formula Bateri
Concept Meaning Formula Battery
Kerja atau tenaga untuk menggerakkan
Beza 1 C cas antara dua titik dalam suatu medan V = W
keupayaan elektrik. Q
Potential Work or energy to move 1 C of charge Unit SI / SI unit :
difference Volt(V) atau / or J C –1
between two points in an electric field. Mentol
P Bulb Q
Nisbah beza keupayaan terhadap arus R = V
Rintangan elektrik. I Keupayaan Keupayaan
Resistance The ratio of the potential difference to the Unit SI / SI unit : tinggi rendah
electric current. Ω atau / or V A –1 Higher V Lower
potential
potential
Rintangan Nilai rintangan setara bagi kombinasi Unit SI / SI unit :
berkesan sambungan beberapa buah perintang.
Effective The equivalent resistance value of the Ω
resistance combined connection of several resistors.

1 Apabila bateri disambungkan ke mentol dalam litar, ia menghasilkan medan elektrik di sepanjang wayar.
When a battery is connected to a bulb in a circuit, it creates an electric field along the wire.
2 Terminal positif P berada pada keupayaan elektrik yang tinggi dan terminal negatif Q berada pada keupayaan elektrik yang
rendah.
The positive terminal P is at a higher electric potential and the negative terminal Q is at a lower electric potential.
3 Apabila suis dihidupkan, beza keupayaan antara dua terminal menyebabkan cas mengalir merentasi mentol dan menyalakan
mentol.
When the switch is on, the potential difference between the two terminals causes the charges to flow across the bulb in the circuit and
light up the bulb.

4 Kerja dilakukan apabila tenaga elektrik yang dibawa oleh cas ditukarkan kepada tenaga haba dan tenaga cahaya selepas
merentasi mentol.
Work is done when electrical energy carried by the charges is dissipated as heat and light energy when crossing the bulb.
5 Konduktor yang berbeza mempunyai rintangan yang berbeza bagi arus mengalir.
Different conductors have different resistances for current to flow.

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