Page 53 - NAVAL SCIENCE 3 TEXTBOOK

58 NAVA L KNOWLEDGE

J
Department of Defense (DOD)
I I
Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) I National National
I I I Imagery and Security
Mapping
Agency Agency
Ar my OHice of Air Force Marine Corps
Intell Igence Naval Intelligence I ntell igence
Com mand Intelligence Command
Defense
Investigative
Service
Defense National
Attache Reconnaissance
System I I
Naval Criminal Air Force & Army
Investigative Investigative
Service Services

Key intelligence organizations within the Department of Defense.

border and port security, and response to natural disasters and inci- ons proliferation, warning of impending crises, support to peace-
dents involving nuclear materials or biological or chemical agents. keeping operations, maintenance of databases on foreign military
As a means of keeping the American public advised as to the organizations and their equipment, and, as necessary, support to
current level of terrorist threat activity, in late 2002 the DHS insti- UN operations and US. allies.
tuted a five-level color-coded risk advisory scale ranging from The chain of command for the DIA runs from the secretary of
low to severe, that can be widely disseminated via TV and warn- defense through the Joint Chiefs of Staff to the director of the DIA.
ing signs posted throughout the United States. As the threat level Headed by a three-star military officer, its staff of both military
increases, so do security measures at all U.S. government facilities and civilian personnel is mainly located at the Defense Intelligence
and military bases, including at higher levels searches of all enter- Analysis Center at Bolling Air Force Base in Washington, D.C.
ing vehicles and personnel.
The National Security Agency

The National Security Agency (NSA) was fowlded in 1952 by
DOD Intelligence Agencies
President Harry Truman. As a separately organized combat support
Eight of the agencies comprising the US. intelligence commu- agency within DOD, NSA plans, coordinates, directs, and performs
nity are within the Department of Defense (DOD). These are the signals intelligence and information security functions in support of
Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), the National Security Agency both defense and nondefense US. government activities.
(NSA), the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), the National
Imagery and Mapping Agency (NINIA), and the various mili-
The National Reconnaissance Office
tary service intelligence organizations. Also serving important
The mission of the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO)
intelligence roles within DOD are the Defense Attache System,
is to coordinate the spaceborne reconnaissance needs of the US.
the Defense Investigative Service (DIS), and the investigative ser-
government. Its mission is accomplished through research, devel-
vices of each of the military services, including the Naval Criminal
opment, acquisition, and operation of the nation's intelligence sat-
Investigative Service (NCIS).
ellites. Throughout the Cold War years the work of the NRO was
so secret that even its existence was classified until 1992.
The Defense Intelligence Agency
The director of the NRO is appointed by the president and
The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) is a designated combat
confirmed by Congress as the assistant secretary of the air force for
support agency and the senior military intelligence component of space. The secretary of defense has the responsibility, together with
the intelligence community. Established in 1961, its primary mis- the director of central intelligence, for the management and opera-
sion is to provide all-source intelligence to the US. armed services, tion of NRO. It is staffed by personnel from the CIA, the military
and coordinate all military intelligence resources. Key areas of services, and DOD.
emphasis include targeting and battle-damage assessment, weap-