Page 91 - NS-2 Textbook

84 MARITIME HISTORY

Though some earlier actions had taken place between Study Guide Questions
German submarines and U.S. naval escorts, it ,vas not until
1. What provision of the Treaty of Versailles ending
16 October 1941 that the first casualties were sustained by
World War I caused much resenhnent by the Ger-
the two undeclared enemies. On that date, a u.s. destroyer
man people toward the Allies for years to come?
was damaged by a torpedo with the loss of eleven men. In
2. A. What was the Leagne of Nations?
early November a naval tanker and the destroyer USS
B. What defense provision did it have?
Reubell James were sunk with heavy losses. 11lat caused
3. What provision of the Treaty of Versailles dealt with
Congress to remove the last feature of the u.s. neutrality
the German navy?
policy. u.s. merchant ships were now armed and autho-
4. A. VVhat V\T€r€ the five major naval powers invited
rized to carry lend-lease goods clirectly to Britain.
to the naval disarmament talks in Washington in
However, it remained for the Japanese to bring the
1921?
United States totally into the war. On 7 December 1941,
B. What did the 5:5:3 ratio in the proposed disar-
the Japanese launched a carefully planned surprise
mament treaty refer to?
carrier attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The following
5. Wlly did the United States not embark on any large
day Congress declared war on Japan. On 11 December
warship building programs throughout the 1920s?
Germany and Italy declared war on the United States.
6. How did the worldwide economic problems of the
The United States declared war on those cOlmtries that
1920s allow the dictatorships to arise in Europe?
same day. II
7. What did Hitler do regarding the German military
forces after assunling power in 1933?
8. In the Pacific, what three problems did the Navy and
Marine Corps have to solve?
CRITICAL THINKING 9. What did Billy Mitchell's test sinking of a battleship
by aerial bombing cause Navy leaders to do?
1. Why were the efforts to establish treaties limiting the 10. Who are the Seabees, and what is their mission?
size and armament of 'warships during the interwar 11. What was the British policy of "appeasement" toward
years from 1918-41 doomed to failure? Is there any
Germany and Italy?
relevance of this to modern nuclear nonproliferation 12. What action by Hitler's Germany in 1939 began
treaty efforts? World War II in Europe?
13. What was the decision reached at the ABC-1 Staff
meeting in 1941 about the priority of fighting the
war in the Atlantic versus the Pacific regions?
Chronology 14. What were the final u.s. econOlnic acts that made
war vdth Japan inevitable?
1918 Treaty of Versailles
1921 Washington Naval Disarmament Treaty
1929 U.S. stock market collapses Vocabulary
1933 Hitler becomes German chancellor negotiations Rome-Berlin Axis
1937 Japan invades China reconnaissance League of Nations
1938 Germany invades Austria mllitarist isolationism
1939 World War II begins in Europe dictatorship disarmament
1940 France falls to Germany Seabees pacifist
1940-41 U.S. enacts Japanese embargoes; appeasement belligerent
U.s. declares -war on Axis powers protectorate blitzkrieg