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218                      Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome
                                                  and Cardio Metabolic Risk



              Management                                           - The continuum  of Benign snoring, UARS  and
              Conservative                                         OSAS need to be clarified .
              The fundamentals  of weight loss  are still applicable     - Early diagnosis and intervention is important in the
              and CPAP is still the most widely used treatment for   management of OSAS.
              OSAS.                                                - OSAS has significant effects on the Cardio-Meta-
              Hibbert & Yaggi [35]  have advocated patient centred   bolic system which can be life threatening.
              care  in OSAS.  OSAS  patients are  diverse  and may     - Bariatric  surgery  is  emerging  to be  an important
              have  different needs, preferences  and  values that   modality of management for OSAS.
              may impact on optimal treatment.
              There is some evidence that bed elevation [36]  and   References
              oropharyngeal  exercises  [37] can  have  a beneficial   1.  Pépin JL, Guillot M, Tamisier R, Lévy P. The upper airway resistance syn-
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                                                                   Sleep Med. 2017 Aug;36:10-17.
              Surgical
                                                                 5.  Singh A, Prasad R, Garg R, Kant S, Hosmane GB, Dubey A, Agarwal A, Ver-
              Surgical  modeling  of  the bony  and soft  tissues  of   ma RK. A study to estimate  prevalence  and risk factors of Obstructive
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              portant role to play in OSAS . Over 500,000 cases of   May 16;166(10):JC50.
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              It is clear that the management of OSAS has a very   fied Cardiorespiratory Sleep Tests are a Reliable, Cost-saving Option for Di-
              beneficial effect on individual’s lives,  there  is  still  a   agnosing Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017 Jun 29.
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              Gottlieb  [41]  (AD  8)   suggests  that  it is too early  to   11. Erdim I, Erdur O, Oghan F, Mete F, Celik M. Blood count values and ratios
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                                                                   Jan;19(1):7-12
                - OSAS is very common, but there is still little aware-
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