Page 219 - Physics Form 5 KSSM_Neat

Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion are two nuclear reactions that produce nuclear energy. CHAPTER 6
There is a loss of mass (mass defect) occurs during these nuclear reactions. Figure 6.8 shows a
nuclear fission while Figure 6.9 shows a nuclear fusion. Nuclear Physics

Nuclear fission
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN MALAYSIA
Nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction when a heavy nucleus splits into two or more
lighter nuclei while releasing a large amount of energy.
Example:

A barium–141 nucleus, a kripton–92
nucleus and three neutrons are
A uranium–235 An unstable produced. Energy is also released.
nucleus is bombarded uranium–236
by a neutron. nucleus is produced.
+ +
+ 92
+ + Kr
+ + + + + + + + 36
+
+ +
+
+ +
+ + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + 1
+ + + + + + + Energy 3 n
1 n + + + + + + + + + + + + + 0
+
0 + + + + +
235
U
92 236 U + + +
92 ++ + + + + +
+ + + + + + 141
+ + + 56 Ba
+ +
1
1
235 U + n 236 U 141 Ba + Kr + 3 n + energy
92

92 0 92 56 36 0
Figure 6.8 Nuclear fission involving uranium–235 bombarded by a single neutron
Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fusion is a nuclear reaction in which small and light nuclei fuse to form a heavier
nucleus while releasing a large amount of energy. This nuclear reaction happens under
extremely high temperature and pressure.
Example:
Nuclear fusion between deuterium and tritium occurs to form a heavier helium nucleus.
Energy and one neutron is also released.
+ +
+
4
2
Deuterium ( H) + ( He)
SCAN ME
1 2 SCAN ME
Eduweb TV:
+
Energy Nuclear energy
+
3
Tritium ( H) Neutron
1 http://bit.ly/2Ync0R7
3
2 H + H He + n + energy
1
4

1 1 2 0
Figure 6.9 Nuclear fusion between deuterium and tritium
LS 6.2.1 209