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CHAPTER 3 3 / Psychosocial Risk Factors: Assessment and Management Interventions 779
for cardiac patients than tricyclic antidepressants, which increase 9. Pratt, L. A., Ford, D. E., Crum, R. M., et al. (1996). Depression, psy-
orthostatic hypotension, increase heart rate, 163,164 and slow con- chotropic medication, and risk of myocardial infarction. Prospective data
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from Baltimore ECA follow-up. Circulation, 94, 3123–3129.
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duction (lethal for those with conduction problems). However, 10. Frasure-Smith, N., & Lesperance, F. (2005). Reflections on depression as
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors can inhibit cytochrome P450 a cardiac risk factor. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67, S19–S25.
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enzymes that help to metabolize drugs, such as antiarrhythmics, 11. Carney, R. M., Rich, M. W., Tevelde, A., et al. (1987). Major depressive
which are commonly given to CHD patients, and change plasma disorder in coronary artery disease. American Journal of Cardiology, 60,
1273–1275.
levels of these drugs. 165 Nurses should monitor patients who are 12. Carney, R. M., Rich, M. W., Freeland, K. E., et al. (1988). Major de-
taking these medications and consult pharmacology reference books pressive disorder predicts cardiac events in patients with coronary artery
to identify specific side effects and contradictions. Generally, sertra- disease. Psychosomatic Medicine, 50, 627–633.
line and citalopram are considered safe and effective antidepressants 13. Fielding, R. (1991). Depression and acute myocardial infarction: A re-
for moderate, severe, and recurrent depression in CHD patients in view and reinterpretation. Social Science Medicine, 32, 1017–1027.
the absence of other life-threatening medical conditions. 116,166 Fur- 14. Frasure-Smith, N., Lesperance, F., & Talajic, M. (1996). Major depres-
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have cardioprotective effects such as reduce platelet/endothelial 15. Frasure-Smith, N., & Lesperance, F. (2006). Recent evidence linking
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A multifaceted program that includes both psychosocial and tra- of major depressive disorder. JAMA, 289, 3095–3105.
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should be implemented only after fully assessing a patient’s beliefs 20. Frasure-Smith, N., Lesperance, F., & Talajic, M. (1993). Depression fol-
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