Page 820 - ACCCN's Critical Care Nursing

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stroke volume 712 extracellular (vasogenic) oedema 448 CHF see chronic heart failure; congestive heart
systemic vascular resistance 712 hydrocephalus 448 failure
12-lead ECG see 12-lead echocardiogram intracellular (cytotoxic) oedema 448 children
cardioversion 280–284 intracranial hypertension 448–449, 449f–450f acute neurological dysfunction in see
elective 281–282 cerebral oedema 448 neurological dysfunction
implantable cardioverter defibrillators cerebral oxygen extraction (CEO 2 ) 438 ALS for 662f
282–284, 283f cerebral oxygenation anatomy in 680–684
death mechanisms 284 assessment cardiovascular system in 681–682
tachycardia detection and jugular venous oximetry 438–439 case study 703b–704b
classification 283–284, 284f microdialysis 439 CNS in 681
terminal care 284 partial brain tissue oxygenation comfort measures for 685–686
care bundles 43, 44t, 784 monitoring 439 pain and sedation assessment 685
by IHI 43, 44t management of 452 pain and sedation management 685–686
carotid siphon 784 optimisation 449–455, 451t consent and 686
catabolism 784 cerebral perfusion CPP target in 681t
catheters alterations 447–449 CPR for 659t
access see access catheters cerebral ischaemia 447–448, 447f developmental considerations in 684–685
central venous 122–123, 183–184 cerebral oedema 448 adolescents 685
locations for 200 extracellular (vasogenic) oedema 448 infants 684
for IABP 302–303, 303f hydrocephalus 448 preschool 684–685
in left heart 219–220 intracellular (cytotoxic) oedema 448 school-age 685
pulmonary artery see pulmonary artery intracranial hypertension 448–449, toddlers 684
catheter 449f–450f family issues and 686
sepsis from 122 assessment, brain injury and 438 feedings for 699
urinary see urinary catheterisation imaging 436, 437f gastrointestinal system of 683, 698–700
vascular access 789 ASL 436 genitourinary system in 683
for CRRT 493–495, 494f dynamic perfusion CT 436 glucose control in 699
CAV see cardiac allograft vasculopathy MRI dynamic susceptibility contrast 436 injuries to
CAVH see continuous arteriovenous PET 436 abdominal trauma 702
haemofiltration single photon emission CT 436 chest trauma 702
CBF see cerebral blood flow xenon-enhanced CT 436 incidence of 700
CBR see chemical, biological and radiological optimisation 449–455, 451t patterns of 700
events cerebral vasospasm prevention 454–455, resuscitation 700–701
CCOT see critical care outreach team 454f risk factors 700–701
CCPDT see critical care patient dependency tool intracranial hypertension see intracranial survey 700–701
CDSS see clinical decision support systems hypertension traumatic brain 701–702
CE see continuing education management of 452 integumentary system of 684
cEEG see continuous electroencephalography cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) 426–428 intensive care admission, and effect on
cellular dysfunction, pathophysiology of 563f in children 681t parents 704b
central chemoreceptors 329–330 cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) 424–425, 426f intravenous therapy for 699
central cord syndrome 460 profiles in meningitis 465t liver disease in 699–700
central line associated bacteraemia cerebral vasospasm prevention 454–455, 454f lower airway disease in 691–693
(CLAB) 122–123 cerebral venous drainage 428f mean blood pressure in 681t
central nervous system (CNS) 417–424 cerebral venous thrombosis 464 on mechanical ventilation see mechanical
brain and see brain cerebrovascular disorders 462–464 ventilation
in children 681 stroke see stroke musculoskeletal system of 683–684
components of 420f cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) 426–428 nutrition and 698–699
depressants, overdose of 599–600, 600t cerebrum 421t–422t older 787
disorders cervical spine immobilisation procedure 627f physiology in 680–684
cerebrovascular disorders see chain of survival 656, 656f renal system in 698–700
cerebrovascular disorders CHD see coronary heart disease respiratory system in 682–683
infection and inflammation see infections Checklist of Nonverbal Pain Indicators sepsis in 682–683
neuromuscular alterations see (CNPI) 142, 143t shock in see shock
neuromuscular alterations checklists 43–44 supplements for 699
spinal cord injury see spinal cord injury chemical, biological and radiological (CBR) trauma and 700–702
traumatic brain injury see traumatic brain events 605–606 upper airway obstruction in see upper airway
injury chemical agents 606 obstruction
infections of 464–467 chemical synapses 415–416 water maintenance in 680t
spinal cord 428–430, 429f–430f chemoreceptors 784 younger 789
stimulants, overdose of 600–601 central 329–330 chronic heart failure (CHF) 227
subdivisions of 420f peripheral 329–330 ACE inhibitors for 238, 238t
central venous catheters 183–184 chemosis see conjunctival oedema beta-adrenergic blocking agents for 238t, 239
locations for 200 chest cardiac glycosides for 238t, 240
central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring 200 flail 636 cardiovascular assessment 231
CEO 2 see cerebral oxygen extraction radiography 220–221 classification of 231
cerebellum 421t–422t, 423 trauma 635–639 diagnostic algorithm for 232f
cerebral angiography 436 in children 702 diagnostic procedures 231–233
cerebral blood flow (CBF) 426–428 clinical manifestations of 637t diuretics for 238t, 239
cerebral circulation 426–428, 427f–428f, 428t drainage assessment 639t inotropic agents for 238t, 239–240
autoregulation by 426–428 x-ray see x-ray nursing management 233–241
cerebral cortex 418–423 chest pain 336 for acute exacerbations 240–241, 241f
cerebral ischaemia 447–448, 447f case study 246b–247b emergency therapy 241f
prevention of 472 ED presentation with 591–593 lifestyle modification 237
cerebral metabolism alterations 447–449 acute coronary syndrome 592 medications 237–240, 238t
cerebral ischaemia 447–448, 447f thoracic aortic dissection 592–593 patient education 237
cerebral oedema 448 PQRST for 217, 217t pharmacological treatment 234f–235f