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2340 Part XIII: Transfusion Medicine Chapter 136: Erythrocyte Antigens and Antibodies 2341

TABLE 136–4. Blood Group Antigens and Antibodies Associated with Disease (Continued)
PHENOTYPES ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY
Group A Carcinoma of the salivary glands, stomach, colon, rectum, ovary, uterus, cervix, bladder (T1 and T2
tumors); idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, coronary thrombosis, thrombosis (oral contraceptives),
pernicious anemia, giardiasis, meningococcal meningitis infections
Group B Escherichia coli urinary tract infection, gonorrhea
Group O Duodenal and gastric ulcers, rheumatoid arthritis, von Willebrand disease, typhoid, paratyphoid, cholera
ABH nonsecretors Duodenal ulcers, spondyloarthropathies; increased susceptibility to Candida albicans, Neisseria meningiti-
dis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae
Le(a–b–) Sjögren syndrome
Group O, Le(a–b+) Helicobacter pylori
Globoside Parvovirus
PHENOTYPES ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE RESISTANCE
p (PP1 P –) Pyelonephritogenic infections of E. coli, parvovirus B
k
Fy(a–b–) Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium knowlesi
Tn–, Cad–, En(a–), U–, Ge– Plasmodium falciparum
DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH ALTERED ANTIGEN EXPRESSION
Weakened AB Leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, aplastic
anemia, bacterial infections
Weakened MN Bacterial infections, myelodysplastic syndrome, leukemia (Tn, T, Tk activation)
Enhanced i Thalassemia, sickle cell disease, HEMPAS, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, myeloblastic or sideroblastic ery-
thropoiesis, refractory anemia
Acquired A (Tn) Myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myelogenous leukemia
Acquired B Bacterial infections, gastrointestinal lesions or malignancies
Acquired T, Tk Bacterial infections
Acquired K antigens Enterococcus faecium
Acquired Jk antigen E. faecium or Micrococcus infection
b
Absent Cromer, Yt, Dombrock, Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
JMH, Emm antigens
Weakened target antigens (Rh, Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Kell, Kidd, LW)
LW Hodgkin disease, lymphoma, leukemia, sarcoma
a
b
Weakened I, Rh, S, s, U, Kp , Jk , Stomatocytic hereditary elliptocytosis
a
Xg , or En a
DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH NULL PHENOTYPES
Rh (D–C–E–c–e–) Hereditary stomatocytosis, mild hemolytic anemia
null
McLeod phenotype (Kx–) Hereditary acanthocytosis, mild hemolytic anemia, see text
GE (Leach type) Hereditary elliptocytosis, mild hemolytic anemia
null
Bombay (O ) Leukocyte adhesion deficiency II (some)
h
I– (i Adult) Congenital cataracts in Asians (some)
CO null Inability to maximally concentrate urine
RAPH Kidney disease
null
DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH ANTIBODY PRODUCTION
Anti-I, -IH, -i, -H, -Pr Cold agglutinin disease
Anti-”Rh,” -”Kell,” -U, -Wr b Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Anti-I Mycoplasma pneumoniae, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin
lymphomas
Anti-i Infectious mononucleosis, reticuloendothelial diseases
(continued )

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