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CHaPTEr 9 Cytokines and Cytokine Receptors 129

TABLE 9.1 Cytokines Classified by receptor Families—cont’d
receptor Knock-out
Family Cytokine Signaling Source Target action Phenotype
IL-5 JAK2, STAT5 Th2 T cells, activated Eosinophil, B cells, Proliferation, activation Decreased
eosinophils, NK basophils, mast eosinophilia,
cells, NKT cells cells defective CD5,
B1-cell
development
IL-2 JAK1, JAK3, T cells, NK cells, NKT T cells, B cells, NK Proliferation, cytotoxicity Lymphoproliferation a
STAT5 cells cells, interferon-γ (IFN-γ)
macrophages secretion, antibody
production
IL-4 b JAK1, JAK3, Th2 cells, mast cells, T cells, B cells, Proliferation, Th2 Defective Th2
STAT6 NKT cells, γ/δ T macrophages differentiation, IgG1 and differentiation and
cells IgE production, IgE production,
inhibition of cell- decreased allergic
mediated immunity responses
IL-7 JAK1, JAK3, Bone marrow, thymic Thymocytes, T Growth, differentiation, Severe combined
STAT5 stromal cells, cells, B cells survival immunodeficiency
spleen DCs, (SCID) a
keratinocytes,
monocytes,
macrophages
IL-9 JAK1, JAK3, Th2 and Th9 T cells, T cells, B cells, Proliferation, Th1 Not essential for Th2
STAT5 mast cells, mast cell inhibition pathology
eosinophils precursors
IL-15 b JAK1, JAK3, Many cells T cells, especially Proliferation, survival and Absence of NK and
STAT5 memory cells, activation memory cells
NK and NKT cells
IL-21 JAK1, JAK3, T cells, Th17 cells, T cells, B cells, Isotype switching, plasma Acts in concert with
STAT3 Tfh cells and NK cells, cell differentiation, IL-4
DCs, enhances CD8 and Decreased Th17 cells
macrophages, NK-cell responses,
keratinocytes promotes Th17 cell
differentiation
IL-13 JAK1, TYK2, Activated T cells, B cells, mast cells, Costimulator of Defective Th2
STAT6 NKT cells, mast macrophages, proliferation, IgE responses and IgE
cells, basophils epithelial cells, increased CD23 and production,
smooth muscle class II, inhibits cytokine decreased allergic
cells secretion and cell- responses
mediated immunity
IL-12 JAK2, TYK2, Macrophages, DCs, B T cells, NK cells Th1 differentiation, Defective Th1
STAT4 cells proliferation, cytotoxicity differentiation,
susceptibility to
bacterial infections*
IL-23 JAK2, TYK2, Macrophages, DCs T cells, IL-17 production Reduced arthritis,
STAT3, STAT5 macrophages inflammation
IL-35 ? Tregs T cells Treg proliferation Reduced Treg activity
Suppresses proliferation
and functions of Th17
Thymic stromal JAK1, JAK2, Epithelial cells, DCs (human) Th2 differentiation Shared receptor
lymphopoietin STAT1 STAT3, keratinocytes B cells (mouse) (human) usage with IL-7R
(TSLP) STAT5
Type II IFN-α/β JAK1, TYK2, Plasmacytoid DCs, All, NK cells Antiviral, antiproliferative Susceptibility to viral
(interferon) STAT1, STAT2 macrophages, increased major infections a
fibroblasts, other histocompatibility
complex (MHC) class I
activation
IFN-γ JAK1, JAK2, Th1 cells, NK cells Macrophages, Activation, increased Susceptibility to
STAT1 endothelium, NK MHC class II bacterial infections a
cells expression, increased
antigen presentation
IL-10 JAK1, TYK2, Th2 cells, other cells Macrophages Decreased MHC class II Exaggerated
STAT3 expression, decreased inflammatory
antigen presentation response and
autoimmune
disease
Continued