Page 146 - Clinical Immunology_ Principles and Practice ( PDFDrive )

128 ParT ONE Principles of Immune Response

TABLE 9.1 Cytokines Classified by receptor Families
receptor Knock-out
Family Cytokine Signaling Source Target action Phenotype
Type 1 GH Janus kinase Two growth hormone Diverse tissues Growth, adipocyte Dwarfism
(hemato- (JAK)2, signal (GH) genes, differentiation
poietin) transducer and pituitary, placental
activator of
transcription 5b
(STAT5b)
Prl JAK2, STATa Two Prl genes Mammary Growth, differentiation Infertility, lactation
pituitary, uterus epithelium defects
Erythropoietin JAK2, STAT5 Kidney, liver Erythroid Erythroid differentiation Embryonic lethal,
(EPO) precursors severe anemia
Thrombopoietin JAK2, STAT5 Liver, kidney Committed stem Platelet Severe
(TPO) cells and thrombocytopenia
megakaryocytes
Leptin JAK2/STAT3 Adipocytes Hypothalamus, Satiety, controls Obesity
thyroid metabolic rate
Granulocyte– JAK2, STAT3 Many tissues, Committed Differentiation, activates Neutropenia
colony- macrophages, progenitors mature granulocytes
stimulating endothelium,
factor (G-CSF) fibroblasts
Interleukin JAK1, STAT3 Macrophages, Liver, B cells, T Acute-phase reactants Reduced
(IL)-6 fibroblasts, cells, thymocytes proliferation, immunoglobulin
endothelium, myeloid cells, differentiation, (Ig), especially IgA;
epithelium, T cells, osteoclasts costimulation T lymphopenia;
other impaired acute-
phase response;
and T-helper 17
(Th17) cells
IL-11 JAK1, STAT3 Stromal cells, Hematopoietic Proliferation Female infertility
synoviocytes, stem cells,
osteoblasts hepatocytes,
macrophages,
neurons
IL-27 JAK1, STAT1, Activated dendritic T cells and natural Enhancement of Th1 Fatal inflammatory
STAT3, STAT4, cells (DCs), killer (NK) cells, responses, and IL-10; disease with
STAT5 macrophages, other cells inhibition of Th1, Th2, infection
epithelial cells and Th17 responses
IL-31 JAK1, STAT3, Th2 cells Monocytes, Induces chemokines,
STAT5 CD8 T cells epithelial cells, PMN recruitment
keratinocytes,
eosinophils
basophils
Ciliary JAK1, STAT3 Schwann cells Neuronal Survival Progressive atrophy
neurotropic and loss of motor
factor (CNTF) a neurons
Leukemia JAK1, STAT3 Uterus, macrophages, Embryonic stem Survival Decreased
inhibitory fibroblasts, cells, neurons hematopoietic
factor (LIF) a endothelium, hematopoietic progenitors,
epithelium, T cells cells defective blastocyst
implantation
Oncostatin M JAK1, STAT3 Macrophages, T cells, myeloid Differentiation, acute-
(OSM) fibroblasts, cells, liver, phase induction
endothelium, embryonic stem
epithelium cells
Cardiotropin-1 JAK1, STAT3 T cells, others, Myocardium Growth
(CT-1) myocardium
Granulocyte JAK1, STAT3 T cells, macrophages, Immature and Growth, differentiation Pulmonary alveolar
macrophage– endothelium, committed survival, activation proteinosis
colony- fibroblasts myelomonocytic
stimulating progenitors
factor macrophages
(GM-CSF) and granulocytes,
DCs
IL-3 JAK2, STAT5 T cells, macrophages, Immature Growth, differentiation No defects in basal
mast cells, natural hematopoietic survival hematopoiesis
killer T cells (NKT progenitors of
cells), eosinophils multiple lineages