Page 249 - Clinical Hematology_ Theory _ Procedures ( PDFDrive )

CHAPTER 11 ■ Classi cation and Laboratory Assessment of Anemias 233

Pathophysiologic Classi cation
NOTE: This is a good time to review the de nitions of the Key

A m m x , Terms in the Glossary and ash cards on .

m m j
m j : m , -

, . LABORA ORY ASSESSMEN OF ANEMIAS

P m m j -

( . ): T m q -
m q m m
. Im m . T

. H m

m m . I ,

. B m m m m

Impaired red cell production m - , -

m m B m ,

m x m m m z m .

m x . C - De ning Anemia

m m

m A m

k (EPO) k q x .

, m , mm . T m j m m :

Hemolytic accelerated red cell destruction

m x m - . A m
. A k m (m m )
. T . A

q m m . . A m m (MCH)

Blood loss m m x m m

m m x . B A m j m m

. F q m m z

m . m , m m . H m

TABLE 11.1 Categories of Anemia Based on Pathophysiological Classi cation

Hemolytic Accelerated

Impaired Red Cell Production Red Cell Destruction Blood Loss

Factors that Impact Hemolytic Process Hemorrhage

Hematopoietic Stem Cells or Acquired Acute

Developmental Issues
Inherited Chronic, for example, iron de ciency anemia
Aplastic anemia

Myelodysplastic anemia

Malignant metastases

Bone Marrow Damage Hemoglobin-Related Hemolysis

Chemicals, radiation Defects Hereditary intrinsic RBC membrane defects, for example,

Some drugs Iron de ciency spherocytosis

Thalassemia Hereditary enzyme de ciencies, for example, G6PD

In ltration of Bone Marrow de ciency

Neoplasms Hereditary abnormal hemoglobin molecule, for example,

thalassemia

Nuclear Defect Antibody reaction, for example, transfusion reaction

Megaloblastic anemia Infectious microorganisms, for example, E. coli

Intracellular parasites, for example, malaria

Chemical or drug reaction

Traumatic cell injury, for example, thermal injury