Page 759 - Clinical Hematology_ Theory _ Procedures ( PDFDrive )
P. 759
INDEX
Note: Page numbers in italics indicate gures; page numbers ollowed by b indicate boxes; those ollowed by t indicate tables.
A phosphatase stains, 324 epigenetic modi ers, 395, 396t, 398
Abdominal uid, 597 special cytochemical stains, 395 nuclear export inhibitor, 395, 396t, 398
Abetalipoproteinemia, 144 Sudan black B stain, 394, 394t relapse, 397, 397b
Absolute cell counts, 217, 217b cytogenetic analysis tyrosine kinase inhibitors, 395, 396t, 398
Absolute iron de ciency, 230–231, 258 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 401 unusual orms, 393–394
Absolute number, lymphocytes, 193 in acute myeloid leukemia, 385–386, 385t WHO classi cation, 384b, 386, 387b
Absolute reticulocyte count, 677 epidemiology o , 382, 382 Acute myelomonocytic (FAB M4) leukemia, 391,
ABX diagnostics, 625 French-American-Brititsh (FAB) classi cation, 391–392
Acanthocytes, 144, 145 382, 383t ADCC (see Antibody-dependent cellular
Acanthocytosis, 298, 298–299 li e-threatening emergencies cytotoxicity)
Accolé orms, 154 bleeding, 404 Adult -cell leukemia/lymphoma (A LL)
Accuracy, 15, 16 hyperleukocytosis, 404 epidemiology, 425
ACD (see Anemia chronic diseases/disorder) in ection, 404 etiology, 425
Achlorhydria, 282t, 286 metabolic abnormalities, 404 laboratory characteristics, 426, 426
Acid elution/Kleihauer-Betke stain, 689, 689 organs, leukemic in ltration o , 404 Adverse prognostic actors, 397b
Acid phosphatase, 390 stem cell transplant, 404 Agglutination, 152
Acidi ed serum lysis test, 681 vaccines, 404–405 Agranulocytosis, 174
Acidosis, 115 monoclonal antibodies Alder-Reilly inclusions, 340t, 343, 343
Acquired hemolytic anemias, 300–304 leukemias and lymphomas identi cation, Alkaline electrophoresis, 130, 130
Acquired immunode ciency syndrome (AIDS) 403, 403t Alkaline phosphatase, 687
(see also Human immunode ciency lymphoid, 403, 404 Alkalosis, 115
virus) sur ace membrane markers, 403 Allele-speci c oligonucleotide PCR (ASO-PCR), 657
clinical signs and symptoms prognosis o , 383 Alleles, 71
early stages, 363, 365 World Health Organization (WHO) Organization Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, 458
HIV li e cycle, 363, 364 class cation, 382–383, 384b Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplanta-
late phase, 365 Acute lymphoblastic (FAB L1) leukemia, 399, 400 tion, 421
disease progression, 365 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (see also Alpha globin locus, 125–126
epidemiology, 363 Leukemia) Alpha granules, 495
etiology, 363 classi cations o , 399, 399t Amniotic uid, 608–609
HIV virus, 362–363, 363 clinical signs and symptoms, 399, 399 Ampli cation products analysis, 657–660, 658,
laboratory data, 365 cytogenetic analysis, 401 659, 660b
phagocytic activity, 179–180 epidemiology o , 398 Anaphase, 68, 68b
serological markers laboratory data, 399–401, 400 Anaphylactic shock, 180
antibodies to HIV-1, 366 prognosis o , 402 Anaplasia, 61, 61
viral antigen, detection o , 365–366 special identi cation techniques, 401, 401, 402t Anemia
Acquired pure red cell aplasia, 249–250 treatment, 401–402 acute blood loss, 233
Acquired transient erythroblastopenia o Acute monocytic (FAB M5) leukemia, 392, 392–393 clinical eatures, 240t
childhood, 249 Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), 518 etiology, 239
Acquired von Willebrand disease, 556 Acute myeloid (FAB M1) leukemia, 389, 389–390 laboratory ndings, 239, 240t
Actin, 59, 62 Acute myeloid (FAB M2) leukemia, 390, 390 physiology, 239, 240b
Activated clotting time (AC ), 536 Acute myeloid leukemias (AML) aplastic, constitutional, 248–249
Activated partial thromboplastin time (aP ), clonal heterogeneity, 384 causes, 230–231
535–536, 694 cytogenetic analysis, 385–386, 385t chronic blood loss, 233, 240–241, 240b
Active transport, 60 epidemiology, 384, 385 classi cation
Acute blood loss anemia FAB classi catios o , 382, 383, 384b morphologic classi cation, 231, 231–232, 232b
clinical eatures, 240t FAB M0, 389, 389 pathophysiologic classi cation, 233, 233t
etiology, 239 FAB M1, 389, 389–390 clinical signs and symptoms, 231
laboratory ndings, 239, 240t FAB M2, 390, 390 development, 230–231
physiology, 239, 240b FAB M3, 390, 391 laboratory assessment
Acute (transient) erythroblastopenia o childhood, FAB M4, 391, 391–392 algorithm or anemia testing, 234
249 FAB M5, 392, 392–393 bone marrow examination, 234–235
Acute leukemias, 372 FAB M6, 392–393, 393 de nition, 233–234
acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) FAB M7, acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, diagnostic process, 235
classi cations o , 399, 399t 394, 394 erythrocyte count, 234
clinical signs and symptoms, 399, 399 genetic dif erences, 386–387 etal hemoglobin (Hb F) concentration, 235
cytogenetic analysis, 401 laboratory in ormation, 387, 388t glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
epidemiology o , 398 micro-RNAs, 388 assay, 235
laboratory data, 399–401, 400 molecular analysis, 386, 386t hemoglobin electrophoresis, 235
prognosis o , 402 monoclonal antibodies, 389, 389t malarial smears, 235
special identi cation techniques, 401, 401, subtype, 388, 389 packed cell volume (microhematocrit), 234
402t treatment options platelet count, 235
treatment, 401–402 allogeneic hematopoietic-cell transplanta- quantitative measurements, 234
AML (see Acute myeloid leukemias) tion, 397–398 reticulocyte count, 235
cytochemical stains, principles o cell-cycle and signaling inhibitors, 395, 396t, Sickle cell testing, 235
esterase stains, 394, 396b 398 supplementary assessment, 235t
myeloperoxidase stain, 394, 395 chemotherapy, 397, 397b Anemia chronic diseases/disorder (ACD), 267,
periodic acid-schif stain, 394, 395t cytotoxic agents, 395, 396t 268, 268t
743
