Page 755 - Clinical Hematology_ Theory _ Procedures ( PDFDrive )

Glossary 739

Rie er’s cells – cells that are similar to lymphocytes shif reticulocytes (also calle stress reticulocytes) – young reticu-

ringe si eroblasts – iron deposits encircling immature erythro- locytes prematurely released rom the bone marrow
cytes, particularly metarubricytes (normoblasts) sickle cell isease – results rom the substitution o a valine or glu-

RNA – ribonucleic acid tamic acid at the sixth position on the beta chain o the hemo-

Romanowsky stain – any stain containing methylene blue and/ globin molecule. In homozygous orm (SS), causes sickle cell

or its products o oxidation, and a halogenated uorescein dye, anemia

usually eosin B or eosin Y sickle cells – abnormally shaped red blood cells
root term – the part o a medical term that usually re ers to an si eroblastic anemia – a disorder o iron utilization in which the

anatomical structure body has adequate iron but is unable to incorporate it in hemo-

rouleaux ormation – the appearance o erythrocytes that resem- globin synthesis
bles a stack o coins si eroblasts – iron-containing red blood cells

RPI – reticulocyte production index. A measurement o erythro- si erosome – iron-saturated telolysosomes

poietic activity when “stress” reticulocytes are present si erotic granules – Pappenheimer bodies

R proteins – one o the binding proteins capable o binding cobala- signet ring cell – a type o macrophage ormed rom small vacuoles

min (vitamin B ) that use one or two large vacuoles that push the nucleus against
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rRNA – ribosomal RNA; component o ribosomes that serve as the side o the cell membrane in a pleural ef usion

scaf olding or polypeptide synthesis Singer an Nicholson’s ui mosaic mo el – this model explains

rubriblast – the earliest speci c red blood cell precursor. Also the arrangement o the components o the cell membrane into a
re erred to as pronormoblast bilaminar layer o phospholipids, with protein molecules inter-

rubricyte – polychromatophilic normoblast spersed as either integral or peripheral units

Russell bo ies – round, glassy, transparent bodies that may be seen single nucleoti e polymorphism (SNP) – a region o DNA that

in plasma cells dif ers in only a single DNA nucleotide

sinusoi s – specialized capillaries ound in locations such as the
S bone marrow, spleen, and liver

S phase – the period during the cellular division cycle in which size istribution histogram – a display o the distribution o cell

DNA is replicated volume and requency. Each channel on the x-axis represents size
sa ety ata sheets (SDS), ormerly material sa ety ata sheets in etoliter ( L). T e y-axis represents the relative number o cells

(MSDS) – U.S. government established guidelines or chemical SLE – abbreviation or systemic lupus erythematosus

sa ety small-bowel stricture – a narrowing o the intestine

sample – a subset o a population Smol ering leukemia – see MPD

sarcoi osis – a granulomatous, a nonmalignant smu ge cells – a natural arti act seen on peripheral blood smears
Schilling list – an assay to determine the cause o vitamin B that represents the bare nuclei o leukocytes (e.g., lymphocytes).
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(cobalamin) de ciency Increased numbers are seen in CLL

schistocytes – an abnormal red cell shape so ium citrate – a blood anticoagulant that is requently used in a
Schü ner’s ots – red particles seen in erythrocytes containing concentration o 3.2% or coagulation studies

malarial (Plasmodium vivax) parasites soluble trans errin receptor – an indicator o iron de ciency

sclero erma – a chronic disorder characterized by progressive Southern blot – hybridization technique invented by E.M. Southern

collagenous brosis o many organs and systems in which DNA is digested with restriction enzymes, separated by

Sea-Blue histiocytosis – a disorder with the presence o abnormal electrophoresis, trans erred to a solid matrix, and hybridized to
macrophages a labeled probe

secon ary lymphoi tissue – lymph nodes, spleen, and Peyer’s spherocytes – dense, ball-shaped red blood cells

patches in the intestine spermatozoa – male reproductive cells, sperm
secon ary polycythemia – an increased concentration o erythro- spiculate erythrocytes – abnormally shaped red blood cells

cytes in the blood splenic in arction – tissue necrosis o the spleen

se rate – erythrocyte sedimentation rate splenomegaly – an extremely enlarged spleen

segmente neutrophils – see neutrophils sprue – a chronic orm o malabsorption syndrome

seminal ui – liquid produced by the male reproductive system ssDNA – single-stranded DNA
sepsis – an in ection-induced syndrome de ned as the presence o stan ar – a highly puri ed substance o a known composition

two or more o the ollowing eatures o systemic in ammation: stan ar eviation – the square root o the variance

ever or hypothermia, leukocytosis or leukopenia, tachycardia stan ar precautions – precautionary methods used to impede
and tachypnea, or supranormal minute ventilation transmission o in ectious microorganisms

septic arthritis – joint in ammation caused by microorganisms stan ar s – published criteria or acceptable practices or results

septicemia – the presence o pathogenic microorganisms in the blood stasis – stopping o bleeding

seronegativity – lack o antibodies demonstrated in an assay stat – immediately

serotonin – a vasoconstrictor produced rom tryptophan that stim- statistic – any numerical value describing a sample
ulates smooth muscle stem cells – undif erentiated, immature cells

serous ui – producing or containing serum stem term – root term

serum – straw-colored uid that is present a er blood clots stenosis – the narrowing o a vessel. In a blood vessel, the lumen

serum electrophoresis – separation o serum proteins by electrical decreases the ow o blood i stenosis exists
methods stercobilinogen – ecal urobilinogen

Sézary cell – a large lymphocyte with a nucleus that occupies most sterile bo y lui – watery luids in the body that lack

o the cell microorganisms