Page 238 - Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology ( PDFDrive )

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CHAPTER 28 Structure
227

Herpesvirus P o x u r i v s
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mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com Adenovirus Papovavirus mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com

Hepadnavirus
Parvovirus
DNA viruses

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Orthomyxovirus
Arenavirus
Coronavirus
Paramyxovirus

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Picornavirus

100 nm
RNA viruses
FIGURE 28–1
Shapes and sizes of medically important viruses. (Reproduced with permission from Fenner F, White DO. Medical Virology. 4th ed.
Academic Press. Copyright 1994 Elsevier.)

virus mediate the attachment of the virus to specific these viral proteins and prevent [“neutralize”] the virus
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mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com a virus based on its surface antigens. For example, measles mebooksfree.com
receptors on the host cell surface. This interaction of the
from entering the cell and replicating). The outer proteins
viral proteins with the cell receptor is the major determi-
induce these immune responses following both the natural
nant of species and organ specificity. Outer viral proteins
infection and immunization (see later).
The term “serotype” is used to describe a subcategory of
are also important antigens that induce neutralizing anti-
body and activate cytotoxic T cells to kill virus-infected
virus has one serotype, polioviruses have three serotypes,
cells. These outer viral proteins not only induce antibodies,
but are also the target of antibodies (i.e., antibodies bind to
and rhinoviruses have over 100 serotypes. This is because

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