Page 97 - Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology ( PDFDrive )

mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com

mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com (C) Both classes of drugs inhibit peptidyl transferase, the enzyme mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com
PART I Basic Bacteriology
86
SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
that synthesizes the peptide bond.
1. Cefazolin is often given prior to surgery to prevent postsurgical
(D) Both classes of drugs must be acetylated within human cells
wound infections. Which one of the following best describes the
to form the active antibacterial compound.
mode of action of cefazolin?
(E) Both classes of drugs cause brown staining of teeth when
(A) It acts as an electron sink depriving the bacteria of reducing
administered to young children.
power.
and itraconazole, is based on the presence in fungi of which one
(B) It binds to the 30S ribosome and inhibits bacterial protein
synthesis.
of the following?
(C) It inhibits transcription of bacterial mRNA. 8. The selective toxicity of antifungal drugs, such as amphotericin B
(A) 30S ribosomal subunit
mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com 9. The next three questions ask about the adverse effects of anti- mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com
(B) Both are bactericidal drugs. mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com
(D) It inhibits transpeptidases needed to synthesize peptidoglycan.
(B) Dihydrofolate reductase
(E) It inhibits folic acid synthesis needed to act as a methyl donor.
(C) DNA gyrase
2. Which one of the following drugs inhibits bacterial nucleic acid
(D) Ergosterol
synthesis by blocking the production of tetrahydrofolic acid?
(E) Mycolic acid
(A) Ceftriaxone
(B) Erythromycin
biotics, which are an important consideration when deciding
(C) Metronidazole
which antibiotic to prescribe. Which antibiotic causes significant
neurotoxicity and must be taken in conjunction with pyridoxine
(D) Rifampin
(vitamin B 6 ) to prevent these neurologic complications?
(E) Trimethoprim
3. Regarding both penicillins and aminoglycosides, which one of
(A) Amoxicillin
the following is the most accurate?
(B) Ceftriaxone
(A) Both act at the level of the cell wall.
(C) Isoniazid
(D) Rifampin
(E) Vancomycin
(C) Both require an intact β-lactam ring for their activity. 10. Of the following antibiotics, which one causes the most photo-
mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com 11. Which of the following antibiotics causes “red man” syndrome? mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com
lowing is the most accurate? mebooksfree.com
(D) Both should not be given to children under the age of 8 years
toxicity (rash when exposed to sunlight)?
because damage to cartilage can occur.
(E) They should not be given together because they are
(A) Amphotericin B
antagonistic.
(B) Ciprofloxacin
4. Listed below are drug combinations that are used to treat certain
(C) Gentamicin
infections. Which one of the following is a combination in which
(D) Metronidazole
both drugs act to inhibit the same metabolic pathway?
(E) Sulfamethoxazole
(A) Amphotericin and flucytosine
(B) Isoniazid and rifampin
(A) Azithromycin
(C) Penicillin G and gentamicin
(B) Doxycycline
(D) Sulfonamide and trimethoprim
(C) Gentamicin
5. Regarding penicillins and cephalosporins, which one of the fol-
(D) Sulfamethoxazole
(E) Vancomycin
(A) Cleavage of the β-lactam ring will inactivate penicillins but ANSWERS
mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com 2. (E) mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com
not cephalosporins.
(B) Penicillins act by inhibiting transpeptidases but cephalospo-
1. (D)
rins do not.
(C) Penicillins and cephalosporins are both bactericidal drugs.
3. (B)
(D) Penicillins and cephalosporins are active against gram-positive
4. (D)
cocci but not against gram-negative rods.
5. (C)
(E) Renal tubule damage is an important adverse effect caused by
6. (B)
both penicillins and cephalosporins.
7. (B)
6. Regarding antimicrobial drugs that act by inhibiting nucleic acid
8. (D)
synthesis in bacteria, which one of the following is the most accurate?
9. (C)
(A) Ciprofloxacin inhibits RNA polymerase by acting as a nucleic
acid analogue.
11. (E)
(B) Rifampin inhibits the synthesis of messenger RNA.
(C) Sulfonamides inhibit DNA synthesis by chain termination of 10. (E)
PRACTICE QUESTIONS: USMLE &
the elongating strand.
mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com
mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com in the Basic Bacteriology section of Part XIII: USMLE (National mebooksfree.com
COURSE EXAMINATIONS
(D) Trimethoprim inhibits DNA polymerase by preventing the
unwinding of double-stranded DNA.
Questions on the topics discussed in this chapter can be found
7. Regarding aminoglycosides and tetracyclines, which one of the
following is the most accurate?
Board) Practice Questions starting on page 709. Also see Part XIV:
(A) Both classes of drugs are bactericidal.
USMLE (National Board) Practice Examination starting on
(B) Both classes of drugs inhibit protein synthesis by binding to
page 751.
the 30S ribosomal subunit.
mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com