Page 7 - PRE-U STPM BIOLOGY TERM 1

Biology Term 1 STPM Chapter 2 Structure of Cells and Organelles

Learning Outcomes 2.1 Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
Students should be able to: Cells
(a) state the cell theory;
(b) compare the structures
of prokaryotic and Cell Theory
eukaryotic cells;
(c) compare typical animal 1. A cell is the basic unit of the structure and function of all living
2 and plant cells as organisms. This is according to the cell theory, the result of studies
seen under electron
microscopes; by Schleiden, a botanist, and Schwann, a zoologist.
(d) describe the basic 2. According to Rudolp Virchow, all cells arise from pre-existing cells
principles of light and
electron microscopy. by cell division.
3. A cell is made up of protoplasm surrounded by a selectively permeable
lipoprotein membrane. Within the cell, the basic chemistry of life
Summary exists.

4. Cells are divided into two types, the prokaryotic cells and the
Cell theory eukaryotic cells.
1. A cell is a basic unit of
structure and function
of all living things. Cell Theory
2. Cells arise from pre-
Language Check VIDEO
Language Check
existing cells by cell
division.
Comparison Between Structures of Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic Cells
2013, 2015
1. Prokaryotic cells are primitive cells. They are not true cells. They do
not have nucleus and are found in bacteria and cyanobacteria, which
belong to the kingdom Prokaryotae.
Language Check 2. A generalised prokaryotic cell is as shown in Figure 2.1.
Language Check
• Bacterium – singular Cell wall Capsule
Bacteria – plural Plasma membrane
• Flagellum – singular
Flagella – plural Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Plasmid

Pili

Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic Cell
VIDEO

Bacterial flagellum

Nucleoid (circular DNA)

Figure 2.1 Structure of a generalised prokaryotic cell

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