Page 11 - PRE-U STPM BIOLOGY TERM 1

Biology Term 1 STPM Chapter 2 Structure of Cells and Organelles

Characteristic Animal cell Plant cell
4 Microvillus, cilium and Present in certain Absent except sperm of
flagellum specialised cells fern has flagellum
5 Sap vacuole and Small vesicles may be Big, centrally located
tonoplast found instead

2 6 Cytoplasm Throughout cell At the periphery
7 Nucleus position Centrally located At one side
8 Lysosome Usually present Usually absent
9 Centriole Present, to organise Not found, still can
spindle fibre formation form spindle fibre
10 Chloroplast and other Absent Present for
plastids photosynthesis and
storage
11 Carbohydrate food Glycogen Starch
reserves
12 Intermediate filaments Present Usually absent
13 Mitosis In all cells In meristem only
14 Secretory vesicles May be present Usually absent
15 Plasma membrane, Present Present
nucleus, mitochondria,
endoplasma reticulum

Quick Check 2

1. List the structural similarities between plant and animal cells. Briefly explain why each of the
structures you have listed is essential.

Light and Electron Microscopes
Light Microscope
Light microscope
VIDEO
1. Light microscopes are the ones that make use of light to form an
image.
2. There are compound microscopes and phase contrast microscopes.
(a) Compound microscopes
(i) Compound microscopes contain two sets of lenses i.e.
the objective lens to form an enlarge image and an ocular
(eyepiece) lens to further enlarge the image.
(ii) Compound microscopes in the laboratory normally have
three magnification powers.
• Low power: 10 × 4 = 40 times.
• Medium power: 10 × 10 = 100 times.
• High power: 10 × 40 = 400 times.

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