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Physics Form 4 Chapter 2 Force and Motion I

Experiment 2.3
Eksperimen 2.1
Eksperimen 2.1
Problem statement: In the case of explosion like balloon that is held and then released, the total
initial momentum is zero. Is the total momentum after the balloon is released
also zero?

Aim: To show that the total momentum in a closed system is constant in the case of explosion
Hypothesis: The total momentum of a system before and after explosion are the same.

Variables:
• manipulated variable : Momentum before explosion
• responding variable : Momentum after explosion

Chapter
Apparatus and materials: Triple beam balance, 4 trolleys, 2 wooden blocks, a mallet, and a metre
2 rule.
Procedure:

Mallet
Wooden block Wooden block
Plunger
A B
d d
1 2
Trolley
Figure 2.64

1. The arrangement of the apparatus is shown in Figure 2.64.
2. Trolleys A and B are arranged in contact with each other with two wooden blocks at two ends.
3. When the plunger is knocked by the mallet, the dowel rod is released causing the trolleys to
move in opposite directions.
4. The position of the wooden blocks are adjusted so that the trolleys hit the respective blocks at
the same time.
5. The distance travelled by the trolleys, d 1 and d 2 are measured and recorded.
6. 2 other trolleys are weighed and the experiment is repeated for
(a) 1 trolley in contact with 2 trolleys, and
(b) 1 trolley in contact with 3 trolleys.
Results:
1. Since the trolleys hit the wooden block at the same time, the magnitude of the velocity is directly
proportional to the distance travelled.
2. Since the motion of the trolleys are in the opposite direction, the direction towards the right can
be assumed to be positive. With that, the following table will show the results of the experiment.

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