Page 62 - APS(2022)_TG5 _Edisi Guru

Sains Tingkatan 5 Bab 2

3. Nyatakan makronutrien berdasarkan fungsi utamanya. Kemudian, padankan kesan kekurangan makronutrien
tersebut terhadap tumbuhan (kesan kekurangan mungkin lebih daripada satu). TP 2
State the macronutrients based on their major functions. Then, match the effect of the macronutrient deficiency on the plant (the effect
of deficiency may be more than one).

Fungsi utama Makronutrien Kesan kekurangan
Major functions Macronutrient Effects of deficiency

(a) Sintesis asid nukleik dan Pertumbuhan terbantut, bentuk
Fosforus
protein Phosphorus daun tidak sekata
BAB
Synthesise of nucleic acid and proteins Stunted growth, distorted leaves
2
Daun yang terjejas berwarna
(b) Sintesis klorofil Nitrogen
Synthesise of chlorophyll Nitrogen kuning-kekuningan
The affected leaves are yellowish-yellow
(c) Komponen penting lamela
tengah dan dinding sel,
mengekalkan fungsi Bintik merah atau ungu pada
membran, transduksi isyarat Kalsium daun tua
Important component of middle Calcium Red or purple spots on old leaves
lamella and cell wall, maintains
membrane function, signal
transduction
(d) Komponen klorofil, kofaktor
untuk kebanyakan enzim Magnesium Pertumbuhan terbantut
Component of chlorophyll, cofactor Magnesium Stunted growth
of many enzymes

(e) Bergabung untuk membentuk
Karbon, hidrogen
karbohidrat semasa
dan oksigen Daun bertukar kuning
fotosintesis Carbon, hydrogen The leaves turn yellow
Combines to form carbohydrates and oxygen
during photosynthesis
(f) Merupakan kofaktor
kebanyakan enzim, zat
terlarut utama berfungsi Bintik merah pada permukaan
dalam keseimbangan air dan Kalium daun, pertumbuhan tidak sihat
tindakan stoma Potassium Red spots on the surface of the leaves,
As cofactor of many enzymes, major unhealthy growth
solute functioning in water balance
and operation of stoma

Daun kekuningan, tumbuhan
(g) Mensintesis protein dan asid
Sulfur cepat mati
nukleik Sulphur The edges of the leaves turn yellow, the
Syntesise of protein and nucleic acid
plant dies quickly

4. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan sebatang pokok. Tandakan (3) makronutrien yang kurang dalam
tumbuhan itu. TP 2
The diagram below shows the condition of a plant. Tick (3) the macronutrients which is lack in the plant.

Tompok-tompok kuning Kalsium Kalium
terbentuk pada daun-daun Calcium Potassium 3
Yellow spots formed on the leaves

Batang Tisu-tisu mati di pucuk
yang dan pinggir daun Hidrogen Fosforus
lembut Dead tissues in the shoots and Hydrogen Phosphorus
Soft stern edges of the leaves

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 38

02 BAB 2.indd 38 7/28/21 3:01 PM