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Lesson Causes of Rise and Fall of the Rana Regime
7.8

FACTS The real name of Junga Bahadur Rana was Bir
to Understand Narsingh Kunwar. His maternal uncle Mathawar
Singh Thapa kept his name Junga as he was
short-tempered since his childhood. After knowing
the life history of Maharana Pratap Junga Bahadur
got inspiration and took the title 'Rana' and kept
after the name 'Junga Bahadur'. In this way he
became popular by his name Junga Bahadur Rana.

Rise of Rana Regime
The Rana Prime Ministers ruled in Nepal for 104 years. They ruled in Nepal from BS
1903 to 2007. They exercised unlimited power and ruled as a dictator or autocratic
ruler. Some of the major causes of the rise of the Rana rulers are:
1. Political Instability
After the demise of Prithvi Narayan Shah, his son Pratap Singh Shah ascended
the throne. But he ruled only after two years nine months and he died. So, his son
Rana Bahadur Shah, at the age of two years and five months became the king.
This situation created the requirement of a regent to rule the kingdom on behalf of
the king. Later, in the ruling period of king Rajendra, queen Rajendra Laxmi and
Bahadur Shah (youngest son of Prithvi Narayan Shah) rule in Nepal as a regent. But
they didn't have good relationship. This situation was created political instability
and the courtiers were divided into various groups such as Pandey, Thapa, Basnet
and Brahmins. The differences between two queens of Rajendra, Samrajya Laxmi,
the elder queen and Rajya Laxmi, the youngest queen was increased. Thapas were
in support of the younger queen whereas Pandeys supported the elder queen. This
situation gave rise to conspiracies, murder, conflict among the people for the power in
the royal palace. So, Junga Bahadur took opportunity from the political instability.
2. Series of Murder
After the murder of Mathwar Singh Thapa, Chautariya Fatte Jung became the
prime minister of Nepal. However, Gagan singh Khawas was the most powerful person
in the court because he was the favourite person of the queen Rajya Laxmi. On the
st
night of 31 Bhadra, 1903 BS, Gagan Singh was mysteriously murdered. On the same
night there was an assembly to find out the murder. That murder turned out into the
court massacre popularly known as the Kot Parva, followed by the Bhandarkal Parva
and the Alau Parva.
3. Three Massacres (Parvas)
a. Kot Parva

The Kot Parva was the immediate cause of the rise of Junga Bahadur Rana to
the power. The main cause of Kot Parva was the murder of Gagan Singh Khawas on
Bhadra 31,1903.
Dynamic Social Studies - Book IX 268