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Lesson Achievement of the Rana Period
7.9

FACTS Chandra Shumsher spent 36 Lakh rupees to emancipate
to Understand more than 50 thousand slaves and made laws against
enslaving people. He started railway from Amlekhgunj
to Raxaul.

Ranarchy was continued in Nepal for 104 years, started from Junga Bahadur Rana
and ended with Mohan Shumsher. Altogether 9 Rana Prime Ministers ruled over the
country. They were well known for autocracy and dictatorship. All Rana Prime Ministers
centralized power to themselves. All the higher posts ranging from civil service to
military service was occupied by the Ranas. They legalized their rule as a family rule
by limiting everything among their family members. The development work was very
slow and it was carried out for themselves only. But unknowingly they became the
pathfinder of future development and further development. Some of the socio-economic
and administrative reforms made during the Rana regime are given below:

Social Achievements

Nepalese society was traditional, conservative and orthodox, where many evil customs
existed. Child marriage, unequal age marriage, mismatched marriage, polygamy,
caste discrimination, gender inequality were very common. In such situation some
social reforms brought were praiseworthy.

Junga Bahadur Rana enforced the first written code of law, Muluki Ain (civil code) in
BS 1910 after returning from England to bring legal uniforms in the country. Junga
Bahadur tried to eradicate 'Sati System' but could not achieve success. He declared
the parental property to the unmarried daughter who attained the age of 35 years
and above.
Chandra Shumsher legally eliminated the Sati System in BS 1977 and the Slavery
System in BS 1981. He declared Slave trade illegal and punishable by law. He took the
initiative to resettle the freed slaves at Bhikshakhori, which is popularly known as
Amlekhgunj means Land of Freedom. Widow remarriage was also legally permitted.

Junga Bahadur Rana introduced modern education system in the country in BS 1910.
Bir Shumsher established Bir Hospital, Bir dhara, Bir library, Singha Durbar Baidhya
Khana, Dev Shumsher established more than 100 language schools, published Gorkha
Patra in BS 1958. Dev Shumsher declared Saturday as a public holiday. Chandra
Shumsher established Tri-Chandra college in BS 1975. Padma Shumsher established
school for girls and encouraged women education. He established Padma Kanya
School for girls. Juddha Shumsher established Teku Hospital, schools along with the
SLC board in BS 1990. Despite the reformation social evils such as untouchability,
child marriage, bigamy, mismatch marriage, etc. existed in the Nepalese society.

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