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university. Non-formal education is the way to gain knowledge skill and efficiency
through adult literacy classes, seminars, skills, etc.
Similarly, informal education means to learn something from daily experience
of life. In such education there are no written books to learn. It teaches the life’s
lesson. Education sharpens the mind and makes people knowledgeable, conscious,
disciplined, systematic, innovative, productive, diligent and professional.

Education in Nepal

The education system prevalent in the past was Gurukul Education System. In this
system the education was imparted from religious scripts. Students who were called
Shishyas attained education by visiting the Ashram of the Guru and gained religious
as well as moral education. Such system was called as Gurukul System. There were no
system of fees but students had to pay services to Gurus as gratitude. The development
in education could be seen. Gradually, the children of the Royal family started gaining
education by hiring teachers in the places. They also gained religious education from
the Vedas, the Upanishad, the Ramayana, the Gita, etc. as moral education.

The first modern education
started in BS 1910 when
Junga Bahadur Rana returned
from Europe and established
Durbar High School at
Thapathali. Later it was shifted
to Rani Pokhari, Jamal by Bir
Shumsher. The school was
limited to family members and
relatives of the Royal family.
Many Rana rulers after Junga
Bahadur brought educational
reforms to continue the
modern education system in
Nepal. Dev Shumsher opened
more than 100 schools in 114 Durbar High School, Rani Pokhari
days in his regime, Chandra
Shumsher opened Trichandra College in BS 1975 and other schools to teach language.
Juddha Shumsher established the SLC board in 1990 BS and other several schools.
Similarly, Padma Shumsher encouraged women education and established Padma
Kanya School, Kanya Mandir (School), etc.

The last Rana Prime Minister Mohan Shumsher also brought reforms in education.
Nevertheless they did these all for themselves but after democracy all the benefits
were enjoyed by the common people. There were only 321 schools in Nepal, until the
advent of democracy in BS 2007.

Many Schools and colleges were established after the democracy. Tribhuwan
University was established in BS 2016 considered as the first university of Nepal.

Dynamic Social Studies - Book IX 50