Page 46 - Health, Population and Environment Education 10

Disadvantages
It can be used only once.
It can cause allergy to some people.

Sometimes, it can rupture.

Temporary Contraceptive devices for female

a. Oral Pills
Oral pills are temporary contraceptive devices
developed for females which are consumed by
females orally daily so as to avoid conception.
They are found in the market in the form of tablets
as ‘Gulab’ or ‘Nilocon White’.
A packet of oral pills contains 28 tablets in which
21 tablets are white and 7 tablets are brown.
Initially, females should start consuming white
tablets one at a time daily continuously for 21
days. After then, the brown tablets should be
consumed. If the females forget to take any tablet Fig: 27
even for a day, it becomes ineffective and cannot
avoid conception in case of sexual intercourse.
Oral pills contain oestrogen and progesterone hormones which suppress the ovum
production and prevent fertilization between sperm and ovum. They also produce thick
mucus in cervix which neutralizes the sperms and block the entrance of sperms in vagina.

Advantages
It is 99% effective if consumed daily.
It is easily available in the market.
It is cheap.
It helps to continue menstruation cycle.
It does not affect in sexual intercourse.

Disadvantages
It becomes ineffective if forgotten to consume even a single day.
Females gain weight.
There is irregularity of menstruation cycle.
There is increase of bleeding during menstruation.
It may cause headache and dizziness for some females.
Females suffering from liver, heart, kidney problems as well as cancer should not use
the oral pills.
Females should consult the physician before using it.
46 GREEN Health, Population and Environment Education Book-10