Page 41 - Health, Population and Environment Education 10

Methods of Population Management

Direct Method Indirect Method
Marriage at Appropriate Age Gender Equality

Conception at Appropriate Age Improvement in Status of
Birth Spacing Women
Expansion of Population
Legal Abortion
Education
Adoption of Contraceptive
Methods and Use of Enrollment in Income
Contraceptive Devices Generation
The direct and indirect methods of population management are described below:

Indirect Methods of Population Management
a. Gender Equality
Gender equality is the maintenance of balance
between son and daughter considering both
of them have equal existence. It is the freedom
from biasness and favouratism in the matter of
sex. People must treat son and daughter equally.
Both of them should be provided with equal
opportunities in education, health, nutrition,
training, etc. When people maintain gender
equality, people get satisfied with either one or Fig: 20
two children no matter they are sons or daughters.
Gender equality reduces the priority of people for bearing son child no mater they
have already given birth to many daughters. Moreover, both husband and wife should
consider themselves equal. Both of them must fulfill their family responsibilities equally.
They must participate equally in bringing up of children. They should have common
consensus for bearing children and maintaining family size. The feeling and behaving
equally for each other no doubt supports in considering son and daughter equally as well
as control population.

b. Improvement in Status of Women
More than 50% of total population in Nepal is
occupied by females. But, the status of females is
not better. They are highly discriminated and are
given less opportunities for education. According
to 2011 A.D. census, only 57.4% of females are
literate that is quite less than 75.1% of literate
males. Females are simply thought to remain in
home, bear children, take care of them and do all Fig: 21
GREEN Health, Population and Environment Education Book-10 41