Page 43 - Health, Population and Environment Education 10

iii. It provides time for parents to get involved into social and economic activities.
iv. It helps to resettle the reproductive organs of females.
v. It reduces complications during pregnancy and delivery time.

vi. It helps to reduce infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate.

d. Adoption of Contraceptive Methods and Use of Contraceptive Devices
People need to have family planning through proper management and mobilization of
means and resources in the family for the maintenance of peace, prosperity, happiness
as well as welfare of all the family members. People can have happiness and prosperity
when they have small family size. People need to adopt various contraceptive methods
and use various contraceptive devices so as to limit the family size and control population.
By adopting various contraceptive methods and using contraceptive devices, people can
ensure small family and remain happy in the family life.
Contraceptive devices include artificial devices, equipments or some chemicals which
prevent the fusion between sperm of males and ovum of females. As a result, fertilization
does not take place. In the same way, contraceptive method includes some procedures in
which the fallopian tubes that transmit ovum in females and vas deferens that transmit
sperms in males are cut and tied off. Likewise, in other contraceptive methods, there is
no use of any artificial devices or equipments. The following chart shows contraceptive
methods and contraceptive devices:
Contraceptive Methods and Devices

Artificial Methods Natural Methods
Rhythm method

Temporary Method Permanent Method Withdrawl method
Cervical mucus
Male Female Male Male method
- Condom - Oral pills - Vasectomy - Minilap Body temperature
method
- Gossypol - Foam tablets - Laparoscopy
Lactional
- Depoprovera injection Amenorrhoea
- Norplant Method, (LAM)
- IUCD

- Femidom
- Jellys, oinments

Natural Contraceptive Methods
The methods in which there is no use of any artificial device are called as natural
contraceptive methods. However, this method is not much reliable method to control
population. Some of the natural contraceptive methods are described as follows:
GREEN Health, Population and Environment Education Book-10 43