Page 45 - Health, Population and Environment Education 10

there is very less chance of fertilization between sperm and ovum. This continues till
few months only. Once, there is starting of menstruation cycle in lactating females, this
method does not work.

Artificial Contraceptive Methods

The methods in which there is use of artificial devices to control birth of children are
called artificial contraceptive methods.
It is further divided into following two types as:

i. Temporary Contraceptive Method ii. Permanent Contraceptive Method

i. Temporary Contraceptive Method
The method in which there is use of artificial devices to delay the pregnancy or birth of
children for certain time period is called temporary contraceptive method. It is applied
for birth spacing.

There has been development of separate temporary contraceptive devices for both males
and females. Males can use condom where as females have many more choices. They
can use oral pills, foam tablet, IUCD, depoprovera injection, norplant, femidom, jelleys,
ointments, etc. All of them are explained in brief.
Temporary contraceptive device for male:

Condom
Condom is temporary contraceptive device
developed for males to avoid conception. It is
cylindrical in shape whose one end is open and
another end is closed. It is made up of thin,
elastic, rubbery material called polyurethane. It
is used from open end in erect penis and rolled
down the penis. Since, one end of condom is
closed, the sperms after ejaculation in sexual
intercourse remain in condom and hence, there
is no chance of fusion between sperm and ovum. Fig: 26
It even protects from transmission of various
types of STIs like HIV/AIDS, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, Hepatitis B and C, etc. It is found in
different sizes. Nowadays, there is availability of dotted, ribbed and different flavoured
condoms in the market.

Advantages
It is easily available in the market.
It is cheap.
It prevents fusion between sperm and ovum.
It prevents transmission of various types of STIs.
It is very effective device.

GREEN Health, Population and Environment Education Book-10 45