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CHAPTER 3: CONTINGENCY APPROACHES 93
(September 6, 2006), pp. A1, A16; “Matthew Karnitschnig and 20 Dyan Machan, “We’re Not Authoritarian Goons,” Forbes (October
Brooks Barnes, “Does MTV Still Rock? Freston Firing Sparks 24, 1994), pp. 264–268.
Soul-Searching at Network,” The Wall Street Journal (September 21 Jennifer Reingold, “Bob Nardelli Is Watching,” Fast Company
7, 2006), pp. B1, B3; and Bill Carter, “He’s Cool, He Keeps MTV (December 2005), pp. 76–83.
Sizzling, and, Oh Yes, He’s 56,” The New York Times (June 16, 22 Brian Grow, with Dean Foust, Emily Thornton, Roben Farzad,
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6 Karnitschnig, “Ouster of Viacom Chief Reflects Redstone’s Impatience.” (January 15, 2007), p. 56ff.
7 M. J. Strube and J. E. Garcia, “A Meta-Analytic Investigation 23 Charles Greene, “Questions of Causation in the Path-Goal
of Fiedler’s Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness,” Theory of Leadership,” Academy of Management Journal 22
Psychological Bulletin 90 (1981), pp. 307–321; and L. H. Peters, (March 1979), pp. 22–41; and C. A. Schriesheim and Mary Ann
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Schmidt and Hunter,” Psychological Bulletin 97 (1985), pp. 274–285. (1977), pp. 398–405.
8 R. Singh, “Leadership Style and Reward Allocation: Does Least 24 V. H. Vroom and Arthur G. Jago, The New Leadership: Managing
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Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 27 (1983), 1988).
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Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness: A Closer Look at 27 Vroom, “Leadership and the Decision-Making Process”; Jennifer
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9 J. K. Kennedy, Jr., “Middle LPC Leaders and the Contingency of Conflict: More on the Validity of the Vroom–Yetton Model,”
Model of Leadership Effectiveness,” Organizational Behavior and Journal of Management Studies 25 (1988), pp. 73–83; Madeline
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Its Statistical and Methodological Properties,” Behavioral Science 18, of Role Perspective: The Case of the Vroom–Yetton Model,” Journal
no. 6 (1973), pp. 429–440. of Applied Psychology (February 1984), pp. 50–60; and Arthur G.
10 Roya Ayman, M. M. Chemers, and F. Fiedler, “The Contingency Jago and Victor H. Vroom, “Some Differences in the Incidence and
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11 Paul Hersey and Kenneth H. Blanchard, Management of 28 Based on a decision problem presented in Victor H. Vroom,
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12 Jonathan Kaufman, “A McDonald’s Owner Becomes a Role Model 29 S. Kerr and J. M. Jermier, “Substitutes for Leadership: Their
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14 Cheryl Dahle, “Xtreme Teams,” Fast Company (November 1999), Behavioral Science 22 (1986), pp. 29–46.
pp. 310–326. 30 J. P. Howell, D. E. Bowen, P. W. Doreman, S. Kerr, and P. M. Podsakoff,
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16 M. G. Evans, “The Effects of Supervisory Behavior on the Path–Goal 31 Howell, et al., “Substitutes for Leadership: Effective Alternatives to
Relationship,” Organizational Behavior and Human Performance Ineffective Leadership.”
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ship,” Journal of Contemporary Business (Autumn 1974), pp. 81–97. 34 Howell, et al., “Substitutes for Leadership.”