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352 PART 4: THE LEADER AS A RELATIONSHIP BUILDER
6 G. Haight, “Managing Diversity,” Across the Board 27, No. 3 28 Reinhold, “Smashing Glass Ceilings”; Des Jardins, “I Am Woman
(1990), pp. 22–29. (I Think); and Alice H. Eagly and Linda L. Carli, “The Female
7 Judy Rosener, America’s Competitive Secret: Women Managers (New Leadership Advantage: An Evaluation of the Evidence,” The
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8 Roy Harris, “The Illusion of Inclusion,” CFO (May 2001), 29 Claudia H. Deutsch, “Behind the Exodus of Executive Women:
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9 Jennifer L. Knight, Michelle R. Hebl, Jessica B. Foster, and Laura 30 Robin J. Ely and Debra E. Meyerson, “Theories of Gender in Organiza-
M. Mannix, “Out of Role? Out of Luck: The Influence of Race tions: A New Approach to Organizational Analysis and Change,”
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of Leadership and Organizational Studies 9, no. 3 (2003), 31 Phyllis Tharenou, “Going Up? Do Traits and Informal Social
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10 Ann Morrison, The New Leaders: Guidelines on Leadership Management Journal 44, no. 5 (2001), pp. 1005–1017.
Diversity in America (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1992), p. 37. 32 C. Soloman, “Careers under Glass,” Personnel Journal 69, no. 4
11 Stephanie N. Mehta, “What Minority Employees Really Want,” (1990), pp. 96–105; and Belle Rose Ragins, Bickley Townsend, and
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12 Reported in Michael Orey, “White Men Can’t Help It,” Executives Report on Breaking the Glass Ceiling,” Academy of
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13 Marianne Bertrand, “Racial Bias in Hiring: Are Emily and Brendan 33 U.S. Department of Labor, Futurework: Trends and Challenges for
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2005), pp. 7–9; and Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mullainathan, 34 “Diversity: Developing Tomorrow’s Leadership Today,”
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National Bureau of Economic Research report, as reported in L. A. 35 “Ernst & Young Ranks 24 on the 2006 DiversityInc. Top 50
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14 Johnson, “What’s in a Name: When Emily Gets the Job Over Lakisha.” Freedom to Create Your Own Space,” The Black Collegian Online
15 Robert Hooijberg and Nancy DiTomaso, “Leadership in and of available at http://www.black-collegian.com; Elissa Silverman,
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16 W. E. B. DuBois, The Souls of Black Folks (Chicago: Chicago on Diversity: A Firm Commitment,” and “Maintaining a Diverse
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17 Cora Daniels, “The Most Powerful Black Executives in America,” Speeches 56, no. 24 (1990), pp. 752–754.
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18 McGeehan, “Blacks Speak of Isolation, But Merrill Says It’s Trying Workers in the 21st Century (Indianapolis, IN: Hudson Institute, 1997).
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19 Debra E. Meyerson and Joyce K. Fletcher, “A Modest Manifesto for to Do It—But How. Here Are a Few Savvy Strategies That Really
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20 Catalyst survey results reported in Jason Forsythe, “Winning with 41 Marilyn Loden and Judy B. Rosener, Workforce America!
Diversity,” special advertising supplement to The New York Times (Homewood, IL: Business One Irwin, 1991); and Marilyn Loden,
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21 Barbara Reinhold, “Smashing Glass Ceilings: Why Women Still 42 Milliken and Martins, “Searching for Common Threads.”
Find It Tough to Advance to the Executive Suite,” Journal of 43 Orlando C. Richard, “Racial Diversity, Business Strategy, and Firm
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25–26; Lisa Belkin, “The Opt-Out Revolution,” The New York 44 “Diversity Proves to Be Important to Allstate,” The Sacramento Observer
Times Magazine (October 26, 2003), pp. 43–47, 58; and Meyerson (November 10–November 16, 2005), p. 31; LouisaWah, “Diversity at
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22 Anat Arkin, “Hidden Talents,” People Management (July 14, 2006). 1999), pp. 24–30; “Allstate Top Company for Diversity; Best Company
23 Ginny Parker Woods, “Japan’s Diversity Problem,” The Wall Street for African Americans,” Business Wire (April 18, 2006), p. 1; and
Journal (October 24, 2005), pp. B1, B4. information on the company available at http://www.allstate.com.
24 Deborah L. Jacobs, “Back from the Mommy Track,” The New 45 Geoffrey Colvin, “The 50 Best Companies for Asians, Blacks, and
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Pie, My Eye,” Working Woman (May–June 2001), pp. 19–20; Ann 46 Taylor H. Cox, Cultural Diversity in Organizations (San Francisco:
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25 Sylvia Ann Hewlett and Carolyn Buck Luce, “Off-Ramps and On- (November–December 1990), pp. 119–125; Sally Helgesen, The
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26 Sheila Wellington, Marcia Brumit Kropf, and Paulette R. Gerkovich, Doing That,” Inc. (March 1996), pp. 21–22; Chris Lee, “The
“What’s Holding Women Back?” Harvard Business Review (June Feminization of Management,” Training (November 1994), pp.
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27 The Leader’s Edge/Executive Women Research 2002 survey, reported Ceiling: Women May Make Better Managers,” Human Resource
in “Why Women Leave,” Executive Female (Summer 2003), p. 4. Management 33, no. 4 (Winter 1994), pp. 549–560.