Page 64 - text book form physics kssm 2020

2.5 Momentum

Photograph 2.7 shows a fast moving car and a lorry
carrying a heavy load on the road. Which vehicle is more
difficult to stop if both are driven at the same velocity?
Momentum is a vector quantity. All moving objects
have momentum. The direction of momentum is the same
as the direction of the velocity of an object. An object
moving with high velocity or large mass has a large momentum. Photograph 2.7 A fast moving
Momentum, p of a moving object can be calculated using the car and a lorry on the road
following formula:

p = mv, where p = momentum iNtegraTION OF
m = mass LANGUAGE
v = velocity The word momentum originates
from Latin that means
movement. Isaac Newton
S.I. unit for momentum is kg m s –1
described it as “quantity
of motion”.

Activity 2.8

Aim: To study how the mass and velocity of an object influence the effect of stopping
the object
Materials: Two marbles of different masses, ruler with a groove in the centre, two books of
equal thickness, thin cardboard and sticky tape
Instructions: Ruler with a groove Folded thin
1. Arrange the materials as shown in in the centre Marble cardboard
Figure 2.45. Raise one end of the ruler
using one thick book.
2. Release the marble from the top end of
the ruler so that it hits the cardboard.
3. Measure the displacement, s of the Thick book Line showing initial
1
cardboard and record it in Table 2.8. position of cardboard
4. Repeat steps 2 to 3 and record the
Figure 2.45
displacement as s .
2
s + s
5. Calculate s average = 1 2 2 and record it.
6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 using two books of equal thickness.
7. Repeat steps 1 to 5 using a marble of larger mass.

58 2.5.1
58
2.5.1