Page 17 - All About History - Issue 38-16

Dictators

JUAN MANUEL DE ROSAS

ARGENTINIAN 1793 1877
In the wake of gaining control of the Beunos
Aires government in 1829, purported
Having aristocracy descendant Rosas
demonstrated brutally autocratic
lived his final tendencies. He dissolved
years in the UK, congress, set up a secret police,
Rosas was buried in introduced a cult of personality
and led a general reign of terror
Southampton, before that left many dead. Having
Juan Manuel de Rosas being repatriated to instigated a number of wars in
instigated a reign of neighbouring countries, he fled
terror in Argentina Argentina in 1989 to England after being deposed
in 1852, and later died in obscurity, Gaddafi went from enemy of the
away from the grandeur of his office. West, to friend to enemy again
GABRIEL SULLA MUAMMAR GADDAFI

GARCIA ROMAN 138 BCE 78 BCE LIBYAN C.1942 2011
After seizing power in 1969, Gaddafi ruled for
One of the most
MORENO renowned Roman more than 40 years up until his overthrow
and death in 2011 in the midst of the Libyan
ECUADORIAN 1821 75 tyrants, Sulla came to Civil War. During his time in power, he gained
power after marching
Moreno was heavily on Rome and taking it by notoriety for his tendencies towards corruption,
influenced by religion force, despite holding no heavy-handed military tactics and human
and, assisted by former Moreno ushered a more political post. From there, he rights abuses. He was also linked to a number
president Juan Jose religion-influenced introduced a policy known of terrorist acts, although he ended up working
Flores, seized power of dictatorship into Ecuador as ‘proscription’, offering closely with various Western governments
his native Ecuador, ruling throughout rewards to those who Roman tyrant Sulla was despite this. However, his time ran out when
two different periods from 1861‹65 and 1869- would bring to him an early despot of the he was deposed from power by NATO-backed
he was deposed from power by NATO-backed
would bring to him
75. Despite the oppressive nature of his rule, he the people mentioned megalomaniacal variety dissidents, and he suffered a brutal death
dissidents, and he suffered a brutal death
the people mentioned
encouraged a relative period of prosperity. His on a list (usually political l while on the run.
while on the run.
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leadership reduced corruption, strengthened the opponents or dissidents), dead or H H uss e i i n ’ ’ s
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opponents or dissidents), dead or
economy and built links with the Catholic Church. alive. More than 1,600 died in
economy and built links with the Catholic Church.
alive. More than 1,600 died in
son Uday was
son Uday was
All these achievements didn’t help him, though, as
All these achievements didn’t help him, though, as this way. Unusually, he lived s o n U d a y w a s
this way. Unusually, he lived
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he was assassinated in 1875 at the age of 53. long enough to retire. i in charge of Iraq’s
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MENGISTU SADDAM HUSSEIN
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HAILE IRAQI 1937 2006 f I r aq f r om 1 9 7 9 t o 2 0 0 3 , S ad d a m H u s s e i n ’ s r u l e
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The president of Iraq from 1979 to 2003, Saddam Hussein’s rule
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was characterised by brutal repression of his own people. He also
MARIAM was characterised by brutal repression of his own people. He also
instigated a series of costly wars, the first with Iran from 1980-
instigated a series of costly wars, the first with Iran from 1980-
88 after attempting to seize the country’s oil wells, and then the
ETHIOPIAN 88 after attempting to seize the country’s oil wells, and then the
Persian Gulf War, which was triggered in 1991 by
1937 PRESENT Persian Gulf War, which was triggered in 1991 by
Iraq’s occupation of neighbouring Kuwait.
An avowed Iraq’s occupation of neighbouring Kuwait.
The Red Terror remains The subsequent years were dominated by
The subsequent years were dominated by
communist, Mariam
Mengistu Haile Mariam’s communist, Mariam
his massacre of the Shiite and Kurdish
blood-soaked legacy is most notorious his massacre of the Shiite and Kurdish
populations, followed by a refusal to
for overseeing the ‘Red Terror’ while in charge populations, followed by a refusal to
fully co-operate with regards to
of the ruling Derg military junta in Ethiopia. fully co-operate with regards to
nuclear and chemical weapons.
After overthrowing Haile Selassie in 1974, he nuclear and chemical weapons.
Ultimately, Hussein was
attempted to rule the country according to his Ultimately, Hussein was
toppled from power after
take on Marxist ideals, which led to the death toppled from power after
a US and British-led
or disappearance of thousands of people. After a US and British-led
invasion, leading to
his government was overthrown in 1991, he invasion, leading to
his capture in 2003
successfully fled the country, and has since his capture in 2003 War and brutal suppression dominated
and then death
lived in seclusion in Zimbabwe. and then death Saddam Hussein’s rule of Iraq
in 2006.
in 2006. © Alamy
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