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P. 172

WEAPONS OF WAR


        Ever since our Stone Age ancestors first bashed one another over
        the heads with flint clubs, the battlefield has been a place of
        extreme danger. With the passage of time, the weapons used
        have become more and more powerful and more and more
        lethal. But with these weapons of mass play time, war has
        been waged in the sandpit; who's the king of the castle here?











                             Chariot

                             In about 1500 BCE,
                             the ancient Egyptians
                              and Hittites fought
                               pitched battles in light
                              two-wheeled war chariots.
                           Pulled by horses and highly
                         mobile, each chariot carried                                                     Cannon
                         a driver and an archer armed         The invention of gunpowder by the Chinese in 900 CE transformed
                         with a short bow to fire arrows   warfare. Cannons—heavy guns mounted on wooden carriages that fired
                        down onto the enemy.              stones and shells (explosive missiles)—were widespread in Europe from
                                                                   the 1400s onward, when battles became bloodier than ever.




        Musket
        This gun was in use from
        the late 1600s until about
        1850. It fired iron balls and
        had a bayonet (dagger)
        attached to the end of
        the barrel. Soldiers would fire
        their muskets in a single volley
        and then charge the enemy
        with their bayonets.                          stabbing at the enemy in the thick of battle.

                                                                      Gladius




                                                         This short sword carried by Roman legionary
                                                        soldiers was a fearsome weapon that could
                                                       be used for cutting, chopping, thrusting, and
                                                        with a heavy javelin and dagger.
        Tank                                          Roman soldiers also went to war armed
        The heavily
        armored tank came                                                                                 Trireme
        into its own as a combat                                                        This very fast warship was used
        weapon during World War II                                            by the ancient Greeks. It was powered by
        (1939–1945). Equipped with tracks                                  three rows of oarsmen seated on benches
        for all-terrain mobility and mounted with                        one above the other. A bronze-covered ram
        a gun in a rotating turret, its purpose was to                  called a beak, which projected from the bow
        advance forward and break through enemy lines.                     (front) of the trireme, was used to batter
                                                                                          and sink enemy ships.
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