Page 135 - How It Works - Book of Amazing Answers To Curious Questions, 12

What mal<es a phone vibrate?

How does this setting on a rna bile phone let the user know
they have a call without alerting everyone around them?

t works via a three-stage process that
begins with an incoming call, text or Vibration Wobble Discreet
I whatever you've set your phone to alert motor The lopsided The now-ubiquitous
A miniature weight throws the vibrate function means
you to. When the phone picks up this incoming
electric motor is motor off balance, no interruptions.
information, it closes a circuit activating a activated when making it wobble
small motor builtinto the body of the phone. the phone rings. inside the phone.
This motor then vibrates until you answer the
call or 'wake' the phone up, which in turn
tells the phone you're aware of the incoming
call or message.
On its own this motorwouldn'tvibrate
(instead it would simply make noise), so a
weight is built onto the drive shaft of the motor.
This is deliberately off-centre, meaning that I Off-centre
There's a tiny weight
when the phone rings, the motor activates and built slightly off·centre
the weight spins, jostling the phone a fraction inside the motor.
and making it reverberate.

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How do toilets flush? Handle
When the handle is pushed
the fill valve opens, allowing
water to refill the tank.
Ever wonder about water closets?
Here are the facts about flushing ... Chain
Connected to the toilet's handle, the chain
odern flush toilets work generating a large suction force that raises the flush valve flapper, allowing
water to enter the bowl and trapway.
in two main stages. First, drags the contents of the bowl down
M in order to empty waste into the sewerage system.
from the bowl, a complex flush Once flushed, the toilet's tank Overflow tube
To prevent the tank from
mechanism is activated. This needs to refill itself for further use.
overflowing, an overflow tube
section is contained within the First, now the tank is devoid of carries water into the bowl.
toilet's tank -the part of the toilet water, the flush valve falls back
positioned above the howl -and is down onto the gateway to the bowl.
initiated when a user presses the This reseals the tank. Next, the tank
toilet's handle. Once pushed, the filler valve is switched on either
handle pulls up a chain connected electronically or by a traditional
to a flush valve- a rubber stopper ball cock (a float mechanism that
that acts as a gateway to the bowl, pivots on an axle to open the filler
siphon and trapway. The water in valve when the water falls). This
the tank, which has been filled via a allows water to re-enter the tank
filler tube from the mains supply, through the filler tube, filling it to a
then exits the tank and descends preset level, as well as down the
into the bowl. It follows a rim shelf overflow tube to refill the bowl.
perforated with equidistant holes, The filler valve is then shut once
as well as a smaller secondary more, either by the rising of the float
passage directly into the toilet's or by another control system.
siphon - the kinked pipe that sits Finally, the refilling of the tank
between the trapway and the bowl. re-pressurises the siphon and Siphon jet Flush valve Trapway
A secondary stream of flapper Waste is carried
The release of the tank's water trapway, blocking any gasses and water from the tank A rubber plug, the flush
occurs in roughly three seconds, waste from re-entering. It re-creates that bypasses the bowl, valve flapper allows the away from the
toilet and into the
which creates a vacuum effect that a large water surface area in the the siphon jet adds tank to refill with water sewer system via
power to the flush. between flushes. the trapway.
depressurises the trapway, main bowl, ready for reuse.
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WorldMags.net How It Works 135