Page 48 - R2017 Final_BE Biomedical Curriculum and Syllabus - REC

Department of BME, REC

BM17401 BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION L T P C
3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVES
• Learn about the scope of biomedical instrumentation and its applications.
• Learn the various bio-potential electrodes and equivalent circuits.
• Gain knowledge about the recording of various bio potential measurements from the human
body.
• Understand the principles & recording of non-electrical physiological measurements and
bio-amplifiers.
• Study the various biochemical analytical techniques used in the laboratories.
• Familiarize with the electrical and patient safety.

UNIT I BIO POTENTIAL & ELECTRODES 9
Origin of bio potential and its propagation. Electrode Circuit Model and Motion Artifact, Electrode-
electrolyte interface, electrode–skin interface, half-cell potential, impedance, Polarization effects of
electrode – non-Polarizable electrodes. Types of electrodes - surface, needle and micro electrodes
and their equivalent circuits. Recording problems measurement with two electrodes, Biochemical
Transducers.

UNIT II ELECTRODE CONFIGURATIONS & BIO AMPLIFIERS 10
Biosignals characteristics – frequency and amplitude ranges. ECG – Einthoven’s triangle, standard
12 lead system. EEG – 10-20 electrode system, unipolar, bipolar and average mode. EMG–
unipolar and bipolar mode.
Need for bio-amplifier - single ended bio-amplifier, differential bio-amplifier – right leg driven ECG
amplifier. Isolation amplifiers – transformer and optical isolation - isolated DC amplifier and AC
carrier amplifier. Chopper amplifier. Power line interference, need for Band pass filtering.

UNIT III MEASUREMENT OF NON-ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS 9
Temperature, respiration rate and pulse rate measurements. Blood Pressure: indirect methods -
auscultatory method, oscillometric method, direct methods: electronic manometer, Pressure
amplifiers - systolic, diastolic, mean detector circuit. Blood flow and cardiac output measurement:
Indicator dilution, thermal dilution and dye dilution method, Electromagnetic and ultrasound blood
flow measurement.

UNIT IV BIO-CHEMICAL MEASUREMENT & ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES 8
Biochemical sensors - pH, pO2 and pCO2, Ion selective Field effect Transistor (ISFET),
Immunologically sensitive FET (IMFET), Blood glucose sensors - Blood gas analyzers, colorimeter,
flame photometer, spectrophotometer, blood cell counter, auto analyzer (simplified schematic
description).

UNIT V PATIENT SAFETY 9
Physiological effects of electricity – important susceptibility parameters – Macro shock –Micro
shock hazards – Patient’s electrical environment – Isolated Power system –Conductive surfaces –
Electrical safety codes and standards – Basic Approaches to protect against shock, Protection
equipment design, Electrical safety analyzer – Testing the Electric system

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On completion of the course students will be able to
• Design a suitable electrode for a physiological and non- physiological signals that can be
measured from the human body

Curriculum and Syllabus | B.E Biomedical Engineering | R 2017 Page 48