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Summary of outlook – from deficit to surplus





      `000t Ni                            2019  2020f   2021f   2022f   2023f  2024f   2025f
      Total SS production                53288  50788   54026   56269  58635   60956   63307    ➔Deficit this year of 138kt and 70kt in
      % Change                            2.0%  -4.7%    6.4%    4.2%   4.2%    4.0%    3.9%
      Primary nickel consumption          2439   2303    2492    2588   2724    2890    3063       2021, despite strong demand
      % Change                            2.3%  -5.6%    8.2%    3.8%   5.2%    6.1%    6.0%
                                                                                                   recovery
      Nickel Supply                       2401   2441    2562    2655   2796    2906    3046
      % Change                            9.7%   1.7%    4.9%    3.6%   5.3%    4.0%    4.8%
      (of which NPI)                      (945) (1,060)  (1,160)  (1,251)  (1,331)  (1,366)  (1,455)  ➔Revisions upwards in Indonesian
                                                                                                   supply are pushing the market in to
      World Market Balance                 -38   138      70      67      72     16      -17
                                                                                                   continuous surplus out to 2024
      Estimated total stocks               506    644     714     781    853     869     852
      Weeks' world demand                 10.8    14.5   14.9    15.7    16.3    15.6   14.5
      LME Cash Price ($/t)               13908  13263   13750   14000  15000   15500   16000    ➔Included in the numbers is 140ktpa
                                                                                                   of Indonesian HPAL production by
                             Projected global balance now and late-2019
                                                                                                   2025, which will feed into NiSO4
               150      138
                                                                                                   output in Indonesia and China
               100
                                  70       67        72
                50                                                                              ➔We could see significant closures of
              'ooot Ni                                        16
                0                                                                                  ferronickel capacity as NPI floods
                                                                        -17                        the market
                   -24
               -50                              -41       -39
                             -60       -60
                                                                    -80
               -100
                     2020F     2021F    2022F     2023F     2024F    2025F
                                     Previous (Dec-19)  Latest (July-20)
        Source: INSG,  Company reports, Macquarie Commodities Strategy, October 2020
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