Page 488 - First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2020, Thirtieth edition [MedicalBooksVN.com]_Neat

444 SectIon III Hematology and oncology ` hematology and oncology—PhaRmacology

Dabrafenib, vemurafenib
mechanISm Small molecule inhibitors of BRAF oncogene ⊕ melanoma. VEmuRAF-enib is for V600E-
mutated BRAF inhibition. Often co-administered with MEK inhibitors (eg, trametinib).
clInIcal USe Metastatic melanoma.

Rasburicase
mechanISm Recombinant uricase that catalyzes metabolism of uric acid to allantoin.
clInIcal USe Prevention and treatment of tumor lysis syndrome.

Key chemotoxicities

Cisplatin/Carboplatin ototoxicity
↓

Vincristine peripheral neuropathy
↓
Bleomycin, Busulfan pulmonary fibrosis
↓
Doxorubicin cardiotoxicity
↓
Trastuzumab cardiotoxicity
↓
Cisplatin/Carboplatin nephrotoxicity
↓
CYclophosphamide hemorrhagic cystitis
↓

Nonspecific common toxicities of nearly
all cytotoxic chemotherapies include
myelosuppression (neutropenia, anemia,
thrombocytopenia), GI toxicity (nausea,
vomiting, mucositis), alopecia.

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