Page 577 - APPLIED PROCESS DESIGN FOR CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS, Volume 1, 3rd Edition

Applied Process Design 543

Coffee, R. D., "Cool Flames and Autoignition," presented AIChE Hilado, C.J., "How to Predict if Materials Will Burn," Chem. Eng.,
Loss Prevention Symposium, Houston, Texas, April 2, 1979. Dec. 14, 1970, p. 174.
Affens, W. A. and Sheinson, R. S., "Autoignition-A Two Stage Grote, S. H., "Calculating Pressure Release Times," Chem. Eng.,
Process," presented AIChE Loss Prevention Symposium, July 17, 1967, p. 203.
Houston, Texas, April 2, 1979. Sengupta, M. and Staats, F. Y, "Calculations Improved for Relief-
D'Onofrio, E. J., "Cool Flames and Autoignition Studies of Sev- Valve Load," Oil & Gas joun, May 22, 1978, p. 74.
eral Glyols," Presented AIChE Loss Prevention Symposium, Leung, J. C. and Fauske, H. K, "Runaway System Characteriza-
Houston, Texas, April 2, 1979. tion and Vent Sizing Based on DIERS Methodology," Plant
Hoppe, T. and Grob, B., "Heat Flow Calorimetry for Preventing Operations Progress, V. 6, :'-lo. 2, 1987, p. 77.
Runaway Reactions," Chem. Eng. Prog., V. 89, No. 1, 1990. Swift, I. and Epstein, M., "Performance of Low Pressure Explo-
Creed, M. J. and Fauske, H.K., "An Easy Inexpensive Approach sion Vents," Plant Operations Progress, V. 6, No. 2, 1987, p. 98.
to The DIERS Procedure," Chem. Eng. Prog., V. 86, No, 3, 1990. Brown, D. M. and Nolan, P. F., 'The Interaction of Shock Waves
Friedman, K. A., "CCPS: Setting the Standard for Industrial on Cylindrical Structures," Plant Operations Progress, V. 6, No.
Safety," Chem. Eng. Prog., V. 86, No. 3, 1990. 1, 1987, p. 52.
Trambouze, P., "Reactor Scaleup Methodology," Chem. Eng. "A Guide to the Safe Handling of Hazardous Materials Acci-
Prog., V. Sc, No. 2, 1990. dents," ASTM-STP 825.
Gygax, R. W., "Scaleup Principles for Assessing Thermal Run- Cashdollar, K. L. and Hertzberg, M., Editors, Industrial Dust
away Risks," Chem. Eng. Prog., V. 86, No. 2, 1990. Explosions, Symposium on Industrial Dust Explosions, ASTl'vl
Heitnerr, I., Trautmanis, T. and Morrissey, M., "When Gas-filled Technical Publication No. 958, 1986.
Vessels Are Exposed to Fire," Hydro. Proc.,\!. 62, No. 11, 1983. North American Combustion Handbook, Second Ed., North Ameri-
O'Keefe, W., "Benefit from Systems Approach with Today's Safe- can Mfg. Co., 1978.
ty Valves," Powe1.:Jan. 1984, p. 17. Simisky, P. L. and Faulkner, C. R., "Better Relief Systems Design,"
Liebman, I., Perlee, I-I. E., and Corry.]., "Investigation of Flame Hydro. Proc., V. 68, No. 5, 1989, p. 63.
Propagation Characteristics in Layered Gas Mixtures," R f Narasimhan, N. D., "Predict Flare Noise," Hsdro. Proc., V. 65, No.
# 7078, U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1968. 4, I 986, p. 133. .
Kletz, T. A., "Consider Vapor Cloud Dangers When You Build a Oen bring, P. R. and Sifferrnan, T. R., "Flare Design ... Are Cur-
Plant," Hydro Proc., V. 59, No. 10, 1979, p. 205. rent Methods Too Conservative>," Hydro. Proc., V. 59, No. 5,
Paruit, B. and Kimmel, W., "Control Blowdown to the Flare," 1980, p. 124.
Hydro. Proc., V. 59, No. 10, 1979, p. 117. De Faveri, D. i'vL, Zonato, C., Fumarola, G. and Ferraiolo, G.,
Mak, H. Y, "New Method Speeds Pressure-Relief Manifold "Estimate Flare Radiation Intensity," Hydro. Proc., V. 64, No. 5,
1985, p. 89.
Design," Oil U Cas joun, Nov. 20, 1978, p. 166. McMurray, R., "Flare Radiation Estimated," Hydro. Proc., V. 61,
Constance, J. D., "Control of Explosive or Toxic Air-Gas Mix- No. 11, 1982,p. 175.
tures," Chem. Eng., April 19, 1971, p. 121.
Le Vine, R. Y., "Electrical Safety in Process Plants," Chem. Eng., Van Boskirk, B. A., "Sensitivity of Relief Valves to Inlet and Out-
let Line Lengths," Chem. Eng.,\!. 19, No. 17, 1982, p. 77.
May 1, 1972, p. 30. Papa, D. M., "How Back Pressure Affects Safety Relief Valves,"
Cocks, R. E., "Dust Explosions: Prevention and Control," Chem. Hydro. Proc., V. 62, No. 5, 1983, p. 79.
Eng., Nov. 5, 1979, p. 94. Davenport,]. A., "Prevent Vapor Cloud Explosions," Hydro. Proc.,
Pratt, T. H., "Electrostatic Initiation of Explosions in Dusts," V. 56, No. 3, 1977, p. 205.
Cereal Foods World, V. 23, No. 10, 1978. Harris, L. R., "Select the Right Rupture Disk," Hydro. Proc., \I. 62,
Frydenlund, M. 1-"1., "Protecting a Plant from Lightning," Specijj'- No. 5, 1983, p. 75.
ing Engi:neer, May 1984, p. 79. Brown, L. £., Wesson, H. R. and Welker,]. R., "Predict LNG Fire
Saletan, D. L., "The Theory Behind Static Electricity Hazards in Radiation," Hydro. Proc., V. 53, No. 5, 1974, p. 141.
Process Plants,".June l, 1959, p. 99. Ogiso, C., Takagi, N., and Kitagawa, T., "On the Mechanism of
Eichel, F. G., "Electrostatics," Chem. Eng., Mar. 13, 1967, p. 153. Vapor Explosion," Yokohama National University, Yokahama,
Gibson, R. 0. and Yinson, D. J., "Design and Installation of Japan.
Smokeless Flare Systems for Gasoline Plants," ASME, Paper Katz, D. L., "Superheat-Limit Explosions," Chem. E11g. Prog., V.
No. 72-Pet-12, 1972. 68, No. 5, 1972, p. 63.
Brzustowski, T. A., "Flaring: the State of the Art," Loss Preven- Reid, R. C., "Superheated Liquids," American Scientist.N, 64, Mar-
tion Symposium, AIChE National Meeting, Mar. 20, 1977, Apr. 1976, p. 146.
Houston, Texas. Zabetakis, M. G., "Flammability Characteristics of Combustible
Constance,]. D., "Solve Gas Purging Problems Graphically," Gases and Vapors," U.S. Bureau of Mines, R. I. No 627, NTIS
Chem. Eng., Dec. 29, 1980, p. 65. No. AD-701-576.
Nagy,J., Conn,.J. \.\.'. and Verakis, 1-1. C., "Explosion Development "Static Electricity: Rules for Plant Safety," Expert Commission
in a Spherical Vessel," R.J. #7279, U.S. Bureau of Mines. for Safety in the Swiss Chemical Industry (ESCIS), Plant/Oper-
Burgess, D. S., Murphy, J. N., and Zabetakis, M. G., "Hazards ations Prog. V. 7, No. 1, 1988, p. 1.
Associated with the Spillage of Liquefied Natural Gas on "Guidelines for Risk Evaluation and Loss Prevention in Chemi-
Water," R.J. #7448, U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1970. cal Plants," Manufacturing Chemists Assoc., 1970.
Witte, L. C. and Cox, J. E., 'The Vapor Explosion-A Second Fauske, H. K and Epstein, M., "Source Term Considerations in
Look,"]. Metals, Oct. 1978, p. 29. Connection with Chemical Accidents and Vapor Cloud Mod-
Perteous, W. M, and Reid, R. C., "Light Hydrocarbon Vapor eling,"]. Loss Preti Process Ind., V. 1, April 1988, p. 75.
Explosions," Chem. Eng. Prog., V. 72, May, I 976. Martinsen, W. E., Johnson, D. W., and Terrell, W. F., "Bleves:
Apfel, R. E., "Vapor Nucleation at a Liquid-Liquid Interface,"]. Their Causes, Effects and Prevention," Hydro. Proc., V. 65, No.
Chemical Physics, V. 54, No. l, 1971, p. 62. 11, 1986, p. 141.