Page 51 - Module DMV20173
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3.0 SHEET METAL PROCESSES























                                           Figure 3.22     The methods of bending tubes.































                         Figure 3.23      (a) The bulging of a tubular part with a flexible plug. (b) Production of

                              fittings for plumbing by expanding tubular blanks under internal pressure.


                        3.3.4  DIMPLING, PIERCING AND FLARING


                                   1.  In dimpling, a hole first is punched and then expanded into a flange.
                                   2.  Flanges also may be produced by piercing with a shaped punch.

                                   3.  As the ratio of flange diameter to hole diameter increases, the strains
                                      increase proportionately.
                                   4.  Depending on the roughness of the edge, there will be a tendency for
                                      cracking along the outer periphery of the flange.



                     BPLK                                       83                         DMV 20173
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